SOCIAL CONTROL
SOCIAL CONTROL
Social control is the way in which society controls the behavior of its individual members can be defined as the way by which society tries to make human behavior social control has been defined by various authors.
According to Ogburn and Nimkoff
Social control is the pattern of pressure in which society tries to maintain order and policy rules.
ACCORDING TO LANDIS
According to Landis social control is a social process by which social organization is created and maintained.
From the above definition it can be concluded that social control is an influence that is used by the society to promote the welfare of the whole group.
IMPORTANT OF SOCIAL CONTROL
Social control is necessary for the survival of society.
Without social control, conflict, frustration, violence, etc. increase in the society.
In a heterogeneous society, individuals have differences in temperament, thoughts, attitudes, personality, culture, khan pan etc.
Because of this restricted freedom, if everyone acts as they see fit for themselves, it will create social disorder, so we need social control to organize.
From the above paragraph it can be said that social control is very much needed.
It maintains the social order by which the members of the society live according to the social order.
Due to social organization and changing society it is necessary to maintain continuity and uniformity in the society to avoid disorder in the society.
Social control brings about uniformity in behavior by regulating behavior along established norms. And this control over behavior brings unity among individuals.
Social control is necessary to protect social songs.
It helps to satisfy the general emotions of individuals.
Society is regulated by labor which is prevalent in the society. If a person violates the social norms then the social ways of behavior in the society are prohibited.
Social control prevents the disintegration of society and also controls cultural adaptation.
In a dynamic society, social control demands even planning of behavior with changes.
AIM OF SOCIAL CONTROL
To bring cohesion, unity and continuity to a particular group of society.
MEANS OR WAYS OF SOCIAL CONTROL
There are a number of ways and means according to the life values of the group. According to E.A.Ross there are means of not achieving social control.
laws,
custom,
religion,
advice suggestions,
folk community.
ACCORDING TO B.C.HAYES
Award and Punishment,
advice,
education,
the family
ACCORDING TO F.E.LUMLEY:=
PHYSICAL FORCE,
SYMBOLIC DEVICE.
PHYSICAL FORCE:=
Physical coercion is a way of controlling individuals.
PHYSICAL FORCE MEANS TO FORCING A PERSON IN THE WAY THE SOCIETY IS FORCE An example of physical force being used by the police to enforce order.
symbolic device
Two parts of symbolic devices are provided. Which is used under the category of human society.
category 1
This includes awards, praise, education etc
category 2
This includes gossip, satire, criticism, threats, punishment etc.
ACCORDING TO LUTHER L. BENARD THE MEANS OF SOCIAL CONTROL
CONSCIOUS MEANS,
UNCONSCIOUS MEANS
Conscious means
In this the means of control are consciously sought. comes in and this medium is used by all types of leaders.
unconscious means
In this medium is used through all kinds of unconscious means like customs and traditions etc.
ACCORDING TO BENARD SOCIAL CONTROL MEANS
exploitative and constructive activities.
Positive and negative types of control.
Exploitative and constructive methods like:= by exploiting,
by pressure,
by intimidation.
INCLUDE CONSTRUCTIVE METHOD
rules,
education,
customs,
Not by fighting.
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE TYPES OF CONTROL
Means of positive social control like praise, reward etc.
Negative means are the better means of social control.
Social control has been classified into formal and informal means
formal:
rules,
education,
pressure
INFORMAL MEANS
beliefs,
advice,
following,
folk community,
customs,
tomorrow and literature,
Beliefs and Rumors,
A man’s opinion.
From the above classification it can be concluded that control over society is achieved through various means. The main means of social control are as follows.
law
Laws are rules enforced by a legal agency.
Penalty is imposed on a person if he violates the law.
Makes law the same presumption and penalty throughout the social order.
Example: = the Hindu marriage act 1955,
The children act 1960.
Education
Education is one way by which false learning beliefs are corrected.
and removes preconceived notions Education is the way through which the right kind of social attitude can be formed.
coercion
Social control achieved through the use of force is a negative means of social control.
Forced physical injury takes the form of imprisonment and death.
Other types of coercion, such as non-violent coercion, include strikes, boycotts, and non-cooperation.
Beliefs
Beliefs control human beings from doing wrong.
These people are invisible forces. believes
So people try to take appropriate action because they believe that they are being watched by an unseen force.
People also believe that by doing wrong or sin they will go to hell after death and by doing good deeds and good deeds they will go to heaven after death.
All these beliefs lead man to activities that disturb the social organization means that beliefs control human beings and lead them to activities which are right according to the society.
Suggestion
Advice influences the social life of human being Advice should be given by taking the example of any literature, book, journal, and news paper etc.
ideologies
Ideologies influence human life to guide man to the right path.
folk ways and mores
Folkways are socially accepted and violating folkways is not easy.
If any person violates the folkways, he is expelled from the membership.
Fear of separation from society leads individuals to maintain controlled behavior.
custom and religion
Customs and religion are passed down from generation to generation and persist for a very long time. gives
Art
This includes painting, sculpture, architecture and music etc.
Art evokes feelings of love and empathy.
Art is a way of bringing one’s behavior in line with society.
Humor := Humor regulates human behavior by supporting the accepted value of the society.
public opinion:=
Public opinion influences the actions of individuals and also changes their behavior