GUJARAT NURSING COUNCIL-General Nursing & Midwifery – First Year-FOUNDATION OF NURSING-2021-Date:- 30/03/2021

Q-1

a. Define Health. 02

In 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined health as follows:

“Health is a state of complete physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”

As per WHO

“Health is a state or complete physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity.”

However, health is a constantly changing process, so it is very difficult to maintain this goal. Health is common in most cultures. In fact, every community has its own concept of health, health is a fundamental and fundamental right of every individual, which has also been included in the constitution.

b. Describe dimensions of Health.06

1.Physical Dimensions
The overall functioning of the body is a sign of good physical health.
Good complexion
Healthy skin
Bright complexion
Luscious hair along the body and not excess fat
A sweet breath
Good appetite
Good sleep
Regular function of the bowel and bladder
Smooth and coordinated body movements
All vital signs are within the normal range.

2.Mental Dimension
It is the ability to respond to various experiences of life with flexibility and a sense of purpose.

Good signs of a mentally healthy person
Free from internal conflict, well adjusted
Accepts criticism and is not easily upset. Seeks to identify oneself
Strong sense of self-esteem, knows oneself (needs problems and goals)
Self-control faces problems well and tries to solve them intelligently.

3.Social Dimension
The social skill level of a person, the ability to perform social functions and see oneself as a member of society.

4.Spiritual Dimension
It is related to the soul and feelings of a person. It is the belief in the universal aspect of the universe.

Which resolves both internal and external conflicts.
Helps individuals find meaning and purpose in life.
Provides a philosophy of life. Direction, ethics, values and principles for living a high life.
Provides strength and confidence to face real life situations.
Emotional Dimension
This is related to feelings.

6. Vocational Dimension
   This is a part of human existence.
   Plays a role in promoting both physical and mental health.
   It provides satisfaction and self-esteem.

7.Other Dimensions
Philosophical Dimension Cultural Dimension
Socioeconomic Dimension Educational Dimension
Nutritional Dimension Curative Dimension
_Preventive Dimension etc.

c. Discuss factors influencing on Health. 06

1. Lifestyle

• Diet: Not eating a satisfying and nutritious diet can lead to health problems, such as nutritional deficiencies and obesity.
• Exercise: Lack of regular exercise can lead to heart disease, obesity, and other diseases.
• Tobacco and Alcohol: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are harmful to the environment.
• Substance Abuse: Substance abuse can have serious health effects.

2.Diet and Nutrition

• Nutrients: Adequate intake of vitamins, proteins, and minerals is essential for health.
• Malnutrition and Overnutrition: Both deficiency or excess of nutrition harms health.

3.Environment

• Air and Water Pollution: Polluted air and water cause various diseases.
• Housing and Sanitation: Dirt and unsuitable housing conditions have a bad effect on health.

4.Economic Factors

• Economic Status: Poverty and economic difficulties are barriers to health services and nutrition.
• Employment and Occupation: The type of job and the work environment affect health.

5.Society and Culture

• Education: Lack of education is a barrier to health awareness and utilization of health services.
• Family and Social Support: Strong family and social support improves mental health and well-being.

6.Genetics

• Genetic Disorders: Diseases that run in families, such as diabetes, heart disease, and other genetic factors, affect health.

d. Write steps of Nursing process and Discuss first step of Nursing process.06

steps of nursing process

• 1) Assessment
• 2) Nursing diagnosis
• 3) Planning
• 4) Implementation
• 5) Evaluation

1) Assessment

Assessment is the first step of the nursing process in which information or data about the patient is collected, organized, and analyzed. In which physical, emotional, psychological, and sociocultural data of the patient are collected through observation, interview, and physical examination.

Assessment means assessing the patient’s health problem and this is the first step in which

A. Taking Nursing History:-

A history of the patient’s illness and wellness is obtained. Along with the history, data is collected to establish adjustment, mutual trust, confidence, respect and relationship with the patient.

B. Physical Examination:-

The patient’s physical problems are identified. The patient’s limitations are identified.

From the patient’s health record through the members of the patient’s relative health team

OR

a. Define Hospital.02

Hospital is an institution for the care of patients and treatment of people injured due to accidents etc. The word Hospital is derived from Hospus. Hospus means guest, meaning the patient who comes here is a guest and the institution that takes care of him is the hospital. The work of curing the sick people is done in the hospital.

A hospital is an institution where more than one person works for the same goal. Our goal in a hospital is to work for health and where the disease of a sick person is diagnosed and comprehensive care is given to him. The team of people working here is called a health team. This health team includes doctors, nurses, social workers, servants and technicians. The hospital is a community agency. A person from any group of the society can come to the hospital for treatment and the health team provides treatment to every person without any discrimination of religion, caste, age etc. When a patient comes to the hospital, he is a guest of the hospital and he goes home after getting better. During this time, an image of the hospital is formed in him. If he has been given good treatment, then he takes a good image with him.

b. Describe qualities of a Professional nurse.06

Kindness Nurses must have a sense of service, they should be kind and compassionate, they should not be angry or auspicious with anything or anyone

Health Nurses should be physically and mentally healthy and capable. How can a person who is sick himself serve others? Sometimes a nurse has to work even after the duty is over. In times of accidents or sometimes when a disease spreads, hundreds of patients have to be treated at the same time. At such times, when he has to work more hours, he must be healthy and healthy.

Cheerful Nurses should always be joyful and enthusiastic and should remain enthusiastic. Only a happy person can give joy to others. A nurse with a joyful nature can cheer up a patient who is down and there is a special possibility of the patient recovering from his illness.

Character Nurses should also have a good character. Good character also makes the profession holy.

Regularity Nurses should be regular. They should be irregular in their work hours because they The patient has to be cured by giving regular and timely treatment.

Seventh, the factory nurse should not only have tolerance and humility, but also be kind and compassionate towards the patient and show empathy.

The nurse should be sympathetic, that is, she should put herself in the patient’s place and if she gets good behavior, we should think about it. The nurse should have the ability to treat the patient without hurting his feelings.

Self-confidence: The nurse should have self-confidence. She should have faith in herself that she can completely cure the patient. Observation: The nurse should have observation power. Evaluation through observation helps to know which work to give importance to and also helps to understand the effect of the treatment given to the patient.

Alertness: The nurse should be alert and agile. She should have a desire to work quickly. The patient’s confidence increases with the good behavior of the nurse.

Hence, the nurse should avoid any kind of discrimination. She should treat the patient as a patient. She should not discriminate against his caste, religion or economic status.

Honesty: The nurse should be honest. There are many equipment articles, medicines, etc. in the ward. The responsibility for them lies with the nurse. If anything gets damaged or broken by mistake, the authority should be informed.

Scientific Knowledge: The nurse should use her knowledge Scientific principles should be kept in mind. Not only book knowledge but also experience should be used and applied with scientific principles. The nurse should also have intelligence.

Economic nature: The nature of a nurse should be thrifty. She should be able to do any work by saving time and energy.

Self-dependent: She should not depend on others for the care of the patient.

Curiosity: The nurse should always have a desire to learn new things so that she can increase her knowledge with time. Next resource: Resource: She should be able to fully utilize whatever resources are available for the treatment of the patient.

c. List out types of bed and explain purposes of Operation bed.06

► CLOSED BED

► OPEN BED

►ADMISSION BED

►OCCUPIED BED

► OPERATION BED/POST ANESTHESIA BED/RECOVERY BED

► CARDIAC BED

► FRACTURE BED

►AMPUTATION BED/STUMP BED

►BURN BED

►BLANKET BED

1. Comfortable Position for Recovery:

It is important to keep the patient in a comfortable position after the operation to reduce pain and provide comfort to the patient. The operation bed has the facility to raise and tilt the head, legs, and different parts of the body as needed.

2. Continuous Monitoring:

The patient needs to be monitored regularly after the operation. The operation bed is designed in such a way that doctors and nurses can easily examine the patient and attach the necessary medical equipment.

3. Assistance in Physical Movement:

The operation bed can be adjusted when the patient needs to get up in bed or be assisted in physical activities after the operation. The operation bed can be adjusted according to the height and position to move the patient.

4. Prevent Complications:

Proper bed positioning is important to prevent potential complications for the patient after surgery, such as blood clots or pressure sores. The bed is adjusted to the patient’s position to improve blood circulation.

5. Convenience for Medical Equipment:

The patient can be positioned on the operating bed in a way that allows for easy access to monitoring equipment, IV lines, and other medical devices and to receive necessary treatment.

6. Safety and Stability:

The safety of the patient after surgery is important. The operating bed has devices that prevent the patient from moving and keep him or her still. This prevents the patient from making any unwanted movements.

7. Ease of Transfer:

If the patient needs to be moved to the ICU or another ward after the operation, adjusting the operation bed helps in moving the patient to a stretcher or another bed easily.

8. Long-Term Bed Rest:

When the patient needs to rest on the bed for a long time, this bed can be adjusted well, so that the patient can lie down or sit comfortably.

9. Oxygen and Medical Support:

If oxygen or other medical support is needed after the operation, this bed helps in connecting the patient to it easily.

In this way, the operation bed plays a very important role in the post-operative care of the patient, which provides comfort and safety to the patient.

The following are some of the more common uses of an operating bed after surgery:

10. Postural Drainage Assistance:

In some cases after surgery, such as after lung or chest surgery, it is necessary to position the patient in different positions to facilitate the drainage of mucus or fluid. The operating bed can be adjusted to keep the patient in a prone position.

11. Enhanced Breathing Support:

For patients with breathing problems, especially after pulmonary surgery, the bed can be adjusted to facilitate breathing. Placing the bed in a Fowler’s position or semi-Fowler’s position makes breathing easier.

12. Support for Physiotherapy:

If the patient is to undergo physiotherapy after the operation, the bed can be adjusted so that the therapist can easily perform experiments and the patient can sit or lie comfortably. This bed is an important tool for post-operative rehabilitation.

13. Blood Pressure and Circulation Management:

If there is any problem in the patient’s blood pressure and blood circulation, the bed is kept in the Trendelenburg or reverse Trendelenburg position. This position is useful for improving blood flow.

14. Ease of Lighting and Cleaning:

The operation bed can be raised or lowered according to the patient’s needs, so that it is convenient for the nursing staff and doctors working around the patient to maintain proper lighting and cleanliness. This also helps in cleaning the patient and changing the dressing.

15. Convenience for Drains and Tubes:

If the patient has any drainage tubes, catheters, or other medical devices attached, the drainage can be managed safely and efficiently by adjusting the height and position of the bed.

16. Assistance for Post-operative Checks:

After the operation, the patient needs to change positions periodically to check the condition and vital signs. The adjustable features of the bed are helpful in this, so that the doctor and nurses can easily check the patient without any difficulty.

17. Prevention of Pressure Ulcers:

Patients who lie on the bed for a long time are more likely to develop pressure ulcers. This bed helps in changing the position of the patient, thereby reducing the risk of pressure sores.

18. Convenient Bed Transfer:

When a patient needs to be transferred from the ICU after an operation, or to a normal ward, this bed can be adjusted as per the convenience and makes it easy to transfer immediately.

19. Control of Bleeding:

If the patient is likely to bleed after an operation, it is also used to control bleeding by adjusting the position of the bed and keeping the patient in the right position.

20. (Facilitate Food and Medication Administration):

The bed can be placed in a Fowler’s position or semi-upright position when feeding or administering medication to the patient after surgery. This position is comfortable for the patient and makes it easier to swallow food.

d. List out types of admission in hospital and explain purposes of admission of patient in Hospital. 06

Admission Of Patient::
Admission of fashion means the process of admitting a patient to a hospital. The admitted patient is given appropriate treatment by observing, investigating and diagnosing in his department.

Purpose Of Admission ::

• To receive the patient
• To enable the patient to adjust to the hospital environment
• To obtain information related to the patient
• To take the patient’s medical and social history
• To observe, investigate, diagnose and treat the patient
• To provide safety to the patient and his relative
• To emphasize the importance of the patient’s diagnosis and treatment

Routine Admission:

There is an OPD department in the hospital. From where the patient comes to consult the doctor with the case paper. At this time, he has to be admitted many times for various investigations and treatment. Such admission is called routine admission.
Routine admission is also called planned admission because often the diagnosis of a patient who falls ill repeatedly is decided at the OPD level based on the examination done at some interval of time. After that, his history is taken. Also, there is a need to admit him for surgery or any other examination. If a patient with kidney stone is shown in the OPD, his history is diagnosed as having kidney stone from the X-ray and sonography records and he is admitted for surgery. The OPD case paper contains all the history regarding the disease, information about the ward in which he was admitted, the diagnosis and treatment.

Emergency Admission ::
In this situation, the patient is admitted to the hospital in the emergency department so that he gets immediate treatment.
For example, in cases of heart attack, poisoning accident, labor pain, diarrhea, etc., there is a need to admit the patient in the emergency department. At such times, the nurse has to act quickly. The patient is immediately treated and the doctor is called.

Procedure of Routine Admission ::
If the patient is unable to walk, he is taken to a wheelchair or stretcher. Treatment is given in the ward according to the patient’s condition. If the patient is on a stretcher, then be a little more gentle with him so that he feels better.

Any person trained with serious patients is sent.

A female patient should never be sent alone with a male attendant

The patient and his relative should be welcomed politely.

If the patient is unable to sit, a stool should be given to him to sit on, and if he is unable to sit, a bed should be provided and he should be made to lie down.

Q-2 Write short notes (Any Five)5×5=25

1.Importance of patients Records & Reports in ward

1. Good records prevent duplication of effort, the same work is done by the same person
2. Patients get better care when the report is complete and provides all relevant data
3. Complete records give a sense of security that comes from knowing all the factors of the situation.
4. Helps in efficient management of the ward.
5. Helps in legal matters, provides judicial protection

6. Helps in evaluation

7. Helps in research
8. To improve quality
9. To simplify the administrative process
10. To justify the work done
11. To know the progress of the patient and the work
12. Very important for quality audit

2.Good health habits

Good Health Habits help in maintaining and improving a person’s physical and mental health. Following these health habits in daily life can lead to long-term health benefits. Below are some of the main points of good health habits:

1. Regular Exercise:

At least 30 minutes of exercise daily is very important for your strength, fitness, and mental stability. Activities like yoga, walking, running, cycling, and riding can be adopted.

2. Balanced Diet:

Incorporate fruits, vegetables, adequate protein, carbohydrates, and healthy fats in your daily diet. Avoid processed foods, high-fat foods, and excessive use of sugar.

3. Maintain Hygiene:

Maintaining personal hygiene is very important. Regular hand washing, brushing teeth, and bathing regularly are all essential to maintain hygiene.

4. Adequate Sleep:

Getting 7-8 hours of good sleep every day is very important for your health. Sufficient sleep reduces mental stress, and helps in good physical health.

5. Stay Hydrated:

It is important to drink the right amount of water during the day. Drinking at least 8 glasses of water daily is important for skin, digestion, and organ function.

6. Positive Thinking:

Positive thinking and effectively handling stress are important for mental health. Meditation and yoga are beneficial to keep your mind focused.

7. Importance of Rest and Relaxation:

It is important to rest and take time out during the day to relax and have fun to reduce stress levels. Taking a short break during the day refreshes the mind.

8. Avoid Substance Abuse:

Avoiding tobacco, smoking, alcohol, and other intoxicants is very important for physical as well as mental health.

9. Regular Health Check-ups:

It is necessary to have regular health check-ups and seek medical advice. Timely diagnosis of patients and their proper treatment are important to maintain health.

10. Practice Safety Measures:

Walk carefully on the ground, wear a helmet or seatbelt while driving, and keep yourself safe at home and outside.

11. Healthy Relationships and Social Life:

Maintaining good relationships and being active in social life is beneficial for health. Strong social connections with family and friends are important for improving mental health.

12. Learn to Take Breaks:

Don’t work for long periods of time. Take breaks while working. Resting your eyes while working on the computer, and taking breaks in a busy life are also essential.

3.Care of dying patient

It is very important to take care of the dying patient for which his -relatives should be sent out.
-Close the patient’s eyes and mouth gently.
-Make the patient lie down straight with arms and legs straight.
-Remove extra pillows, air cushions, oxygen cylinders, suction machines from the bed, leaving only one pillow under the head

• Remove catheters, drainage tubes, resuscitation tubes, i.v. infusion tubes etc. and plug cotton in the body openings so that body discharge and blood do not come out and infection does not spread.
• Give sponge bath and dress properly. If there is any jewelry, give it to the relative or ask the relative to remove it. Put an identity card on the wrist, which has the patient’s name, address, age, ward number, bed number, date and time.
• The identification card is given when the patient is to be sent to the mortuary room, but if it is to be handed over to the relative, then get the signature in the case paper.
• If it is to be sent to the mortuary room, then get the signature of the room man and the policeman and put the buckle number. In addition, fill the mortuary room slip or form and if it is a police case, inform the police. Check whether the death certificate has been filled or not. This certificate is filled in two copies as per the hospital policy.
• Record in the death register Record in the case paper Report the death or inform the authorized person.
• To prevent the infection from spreading in the community
• To ensure proper disinfection of the patient’s used instruments etc., the HIV virus is killed in half an hour with sodium hydrochloride solution.
• To prevent the infection from spreading in the ward, the patient’s dead body should be handed over with dignity and respect.

4.Important points while serving diet to patient

The place where you sit to eat should be clean

The food you eat should not have a bad smell or an unpleasant aroma or smell. The food recipe should be according to the taste and taste of the person.

The patient should not be stressed or tired at the time of eating. The surrounding environment should be pleasant at the time of eating.

The time that is convenient for eating should be regular. When eating, eat.

There should be a suitable time between two meals.

If a person exercises, his appetite is stimulated and he can eat well.

The need for protein increases during illness because protein provides wear and tear, but protein should not be given to patients with liver and kidney diseases.

The need for calcium and iron should be provided during illness, but sodium or potassium should not be given to patients with inflammation.

Vitamins should be given in sufficient quantities, but when there is a disease of the gastrointestinal tract, vitamin B complex is absorbed. No

When there is fever and after surgery, it is very important to give vitamin C for wound healing

When there is high fever, diarrhea, vomiting, to prevent dehydration, 2500 to 3000 ml of fluid should be given in 24 hours

If the patient is conscious and can take it by mouth, then give it by mouth, otherwise it is given through a feeding tube

The patient should be seated with a visitor while eating and if the patient wants, then give food from the hands of his relative and if necessary, ask him to eat with him

If many patients want to sit and eat together, then such arrangements should be made. The staff member should also sit with the patient and talk for a while. If the patient likes it, provide familiar food with him.

If a diet is to be given, then give it, but what changes should be made in the diet as per the approval Explain. Allowing for small amounts and frequent meals Maintaining oral hygiene before and after meals

Apart from this, the following points should also be kept in mind

Like, Temperature of food Amount of food

Careful serving of food

Color of food

Different varieties of food

5.Purposes of Hair care and Mouth wash

Purpose of Hair Care

To keep hair clean and healthy

To remove dust and dirt from hair

To provide a sense of well-being

To prevent hair loss

To observe the scalp

To increase blood circulation in it

To perm hair growth

To remove lice and nits from hair

To prevent infection, itching, etc. from hair

To remove bad smell and dandruff from hair

Purpose of Mouth Wash

1, To keep the teeth and gums inside the mouth healthy

2, To prevent the mucous membrane of the mouth from drying out and cracking

3. To clean food particles and bacteria inside the teeth
4. To stimulate appetite
5. To prevent infection in the mouth, to massage the gums, to increase blood circulation, to prevent sores and ulcers in the mouth To prevent
6. To remove bad breath
7. To prevent dental diseases such as pyorrhea, tooth decay, gingivitis, etc. To remove plaque on the tongue.

6.Prevention of cross infection in hospital

It is very important for nurses to understand and follow the organization’s infection control policy such as the use of personal protective equipment, environmental sanitation

1. Standard precautions: – Standard precautions should be followed to prevent transmission of pathogens through body fluids to break the chain of infection
2. Hand hygiene: – This is the number one weapon in preventing cross infection. The spread of microorganisms is mostly through hands, so hand washing should be done before and after every procedure. It is very important to wash hands after touching every contaminated object
3. Aseptic technique: This includes contact precautions and the use of aseptic technique during procedures. Use only sterile items in invasive procedures
4. Environmental infection control measures: The equipment used in the hospital and the surrounding environment should be kept clean and the hospital floor should be cleaned with an antiseptic solution. Bio-medical waste generated during the procedure or work should be properly disinfected and disposed of.
5. Droplet precautions: While working in the hospital, a mask should always be worn and the infected patient should also wear it, precautions should be taken while coughing, sneezing, etc.
6. P.P.E: Personal protective equipment can be used to prevent cross-infection between the nurse and the patient, whose cap, mask, gown are used. Which should be worn during the care of highly infectious patients.
7. Health Education: – To prevent the spread of infection in the hospital, health education is provided to the patients and the employees working under them.

7.Factors affecting on Blood pressure.

1. Age:-Blood pressure increases with age. Normally in adults it is 120/80 mm/Hg

2 Emotions:- Stress, serious emotions. Anxiety, fear, pain, tension, sympathy activate the nervous system, vasoconstriction occurs, heart contraction increases. Due to this, changes occur in blood pressure.

3 Gender:- After puberty, blood pressure of men is higher than that of women. But then

Menopausal women have higher BP than men of the same age

4. Ethnicity: High blood pressure is more common in African-Americans than in European Americans
5. Lifestyle: People who eat a diet rich in salt and unsaturated fatty acids have higher blood pressure. Cocaine use also increases blood pressure. Taking caffeine also increases blood pressure and smoking, nicotine, etc. increase blood pressure.
6. Exercise: Regular exercise reduces blood pressure. Normally, a person’s BP is lower in the early morning and at night.
7. Medicine: Opioid analgesics, antihypertensive drugs cause changes in blood pressure
8. Chemicals: Such as epinephrine. ADH causes angiotensin II vasoconstriction

Regulation of blood pressure: Vasomotor center plays a major role in regulating blood pressure. Chemoreceptors located throughout the vascular system are sensitive to the baroreceptors of blood and its chemical composition. These receptors send impulses to the vasomotor center which can cause vasodilation or vasoconstriction to keep BP within normal limits.

8.Barriers of communication.

Physiological Barrier: Which includes sensory organ functioning such as hearing, seeing, etc. and expression. Cannot receive or give messages.

Psychological Barrier: Which includes emotional issues such as anxiety, stress, fear, intelligence, ego, etc.

Environmental Barrier: Which includes insufficient light and ventilation, if too much, too low temperature, too much noise or congestion.

Cultural Barrier: Which includes cultural issues of people such as their religion, their attitude, language, personality traits, their knowledge, understanding, etc.

Q-3(A) Write Multiple Choice Questions. 10

1.Presence of blood in urine

(a) Oliguria

(b) Malins

(c) Hematuria

(d) Albuminuria

2.Greenstick fracture is common in

(a) Children

(c) Adults –

(b) Teenagers

(d) Old age

3.Anti-Pyretic drug used in

(a) To reduce the temperature

(b) To increase the temperature

(c) To increase pulse

(d) To increase blood pressure

4.One pint is equal to

(a) 250ml

(c) 400ml

(b) 500ml

(d) 1000ml

5.Priority of client’s care based upon

(a) Client’s condition

(c) Client’s behaviour

(b) Nurses present on duty

(d) Client’s family members

6.Hospital acquired infection is known as

(a) Droplet infection

(c) Cross infection

(b) Nosocomial infection

(d) Gastro enteritis

7.Left lateral position is given in se

(a) While giving enema

(b) While doing vaginal examination

(c) While doing abdominal examination

(d) While giving Inhalation

8. Stethoscope is used in

(a) Percussions

(c) Auscultation

(b) Palpations

(d) Inspection

9.Difficulty in swallowing is termed as

(a) Dyspepsia

(c) Dysphagia

(b) Dysponca

(5) Apnea

10.Oral medicine cannot be given to a client having

(a) Diarrhea

(c) Abdominal pain

(b) Dysentery

(d) Vomiting

(B) Fill in the blanks. 10

1.Normal Temperature to pulse ratio is………… (1:4)

The normal temperature to pulse ratio is approximately 1:4, meaning that for every 1-degree Fahrenheit increase in body temperature, the pulse rate typically increases by around 10-15 beats per minute.

For example:

If the body temperature rises by 1°F, the pulse rate can increase by about 10-15 beats per minute.

At a normal body temperature of 98.6°F (37°C), the pulse rate is generally between 60-100 beats per minute.

2.H.S. means the medicine should give at time. at bedtime

H.S. stands for “hora somni” in Latin, which means at bedtime. When a medication is prescribed with “H.S.” written on it, it indicates that the medicine should be taken at the time of going to sleep.

3.Intramuscular injection given on buttocks in…………………. muscles. gluteus )

Intramuscular injections given on the buttocks are administered in the gluteus medius or gluteus maximus muscles. The preferred site for such injections is the ventrogluteal site, which is considered safer and less likely to cause nerve or blood vessel injury compared to other areas.

4…………………..bed provided to patient having breathing difficulty. fowlers bed

5………………..device is used to take off the weight of top linen. …………… Bed cradle

The device used to take off the weight of top linen is called a bed cradle. It is placed over the lower part of the body or limbs to keep sheets and blankets from touching or pressing against the patient, often used for patients with burns, fractures, or other conditions where pressure on the skin must be avoided.

6……………..is the break in continuity of skin. (wound

7.Difference between Systolic & Diastolic pressure is called…………. pulse pressure

The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure is called the pulse pressure. It is calculated by subtracting the diastolic pressure from the systolic pressure. For example, if a blood pressure reading is 120/80 mmHg, the pulse pressure is 40 mmHg (120 – 80 = 40).

8……………………solution is used for Urine Sugar Test. Benedict’s solution

૯ ………………..Instrument is used for Rectal Examination. Proctoscope

10.Sterilization by steam under pressure is called ………. Autoclave

(C) True and false –10

1.Client record is a legal document. ✅

2.Anoxia means absence of oxygen. ✅

3.Splint is used for Immobilization..✅

4.Hand washing is not essential for before and after each procedure. .❌

5.Sharp instruments are sterilized by boiling method. ❌

6.Diet plays an important role of recovery of sick person. ✅

૭.Visual examination of body is called percussion ❌

8.Hot water bag should not be given to paralytic patient. ..✅

9.Avoid bath soon after heavy meal. ✅

10.Mercury is sensitive to heat. ✅

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