GNC SOLVED PAPER-2019 (Gujarat Nursing Council-2019 Solved Paper)

Q-1

▶️a. Define health team – 03 marks

Ans. A health team is a group of many individuals who work together to maintain good health in the community and hospital in which each member of the team has different knowledge, qualifications, skills, abilities, personality. The health team consists of medical and Includes non-medical personnel who work in tandem. Which works according to the policies and rules applicable by the government.

Eg :- Health team of PHC including Medical Officer, Pharmacist, Laboratory Technician, Male Health Supervisor, Female Health Supervisor, Female Health Worker, Male Health Worker etc…

▶️b. Write down objective of community health nursing – 04 Marks

Ans. 1. Promoted maternal and child health. To reduce maternal and infant mortality (IMR,MMR) and morbidity.

2. To increase the average life expectancy of people
3. Control of infectious diseases and take preventive measures for the same
4. Immunization against vaccine preventable diseases.
5. To reduce the crude birth rate and crude death rate
6. To take the total fertility rate up to 2.1 by 2010
7. To train health workers and nursing students
8. To increase the standard of community health nursing practice
9. To make recommendation for development of nursing man power
10. To participate in development of standard of care, health policies etc
11. Providing essential health care services to the entire community with priority to vulnerable groups like antenatal, elderly, children, adolescent.
12. Providing family and individual need-based referral system services in the community so that they can benefit from government hospitals and other institutions.

▶️ c. Discuss the principles of community health nursing – 05 Marks

• Ans . Since community health nursing is focused on the community where nursing care is to be provided in the community, it is important to map out and establish good and working relationships.
• Providing care according to community and individual needs. Health programs and resources should address health problems
• Working with doctors, female health workers, female health supervisors, multipurpose workers and other health workers in the community health team, nurses help in planning, evaluation of health programs, home visits, sanitation problems, nutritional problems, maternal and child health. To maintain and provide health education.
• Health worker authorized, health authority responsible for each health worker. Each health worker is appointed by the state, municipality, local or private body or agency. A nurse who works in the area. He was observed to be in contact with the Public Health Authority
• Planning and organization of one’s work should be done. All this is necessary to maintain harmony and cooperation in the health program. Because the health authority is held personally liable.
• Health services should be available to people according to their age, caste, religion, nationality, social, political or economic status. Everyone should have good personal health and environment. Health workers should be non-political and non-partisan. A public health worker should not interfere with the national, religious belief of two people but she should be able to explain all other beliefs and manners of social affairs.
• A public health worker should never accept any gift or bribe. But if some charges are fixed by the government for some health care, it should be taken honestly
• Family and community are considered as a unit for working in public health work. Teaching is an important part of every health.
• Periodic evaluation of nursing care provided in the community is very important for planning and progress of services.
• Community health nursing requires a professional relationship and discipline with the community
• There should be arrangements for guidance and supervision of public health nurse services
• A systematic record and report of every work done in the community should be maintained
• Providing continuous health services is effective.
• Family and community are considered as a unit for working in Bleak health work. Teaching is an important part of every health.
• Health should be met according to individual and convenience.
• Other members who work with Village People. They can also help with health programs
• A work schedule should be met for a fully satisfactory performance.
• A person’s interest in the profession should be developed and maintained.

OR

▶️a. Define primary health care – 03

Ans. Primary health care is the essential health care that can be provided practically and scientifically everywhere by accepted methods and technology with the full cooperation of the individual, family and society.

▶️b. write function of primary health care – 04

• Ans. From health promotion to its prevention, treatment and rehabilitation as well as palliative care to people’s daily environment as much as possible.
• Providing health education to people in the community so that efforts can be made to control and prevent health problems.
• Educate people about getting enough food and nutrition Provide adequate safe water supply and opportunities to know basic needs
• Promoting family planning along with providing primary care to maintain the health of mother and child
• Immunizing children against infectious diseases
• To control and prevent local endemics
• Providing appropriate and necessary treatment for common diseases and injuries
• To strive to ensure that every individual, family and society alike have access to essential medicines
• Health department cannot work alone so improve health performance by co-ordinating through TV dairies etc. for social welfare agriculture food housing water purification sanitation

▶️ c. Write Principles of Health Education. – Write principles of health education. 05

Ans. Interest
This is a well-known psychological approach
People learn only if people are interested. Health education is related to people’s interest, so before giving health education, first of all, health needs of people should be known.

Big Vation
Desire or motivation is of two types
Primary
It includes immediate relief of hunger and sleep etc
Secondary, if stimulated by willpower or other external force, includes love, praise, competition, recognition, revenge, or punishment. These are essential needs of every individual. Motivation plays a very important role in health education. can be encouraged

Party passion
Participation is the main part of health education it is based on active learning and is superior to passive learning in which individual participation shows acceptance of the individual Group discussion panel discussion workshop etc. are types of active learning.
Compression
In health education, it is very important to know about the type of community and its manners, education level, economic status and their type of business, their culture, religion, habits and general behavior. Presents so that people can easily understand the message given to him

Credibility
The message communicated should be credible, it should be with scientific knowledge and the culture should match with the local culture, educational system and our goals.

Reinforcement
Very few people learn from one-time teaching while many people do not learn or accept new ideas or things.

Learning by Doing
Learning is a process. According to a Chinese proverb, doing something by yourself can be remembered for a long time, so health education should be given in such a way that people continue until they put it into practice.

Unknown to Unknown
Work in health education should begin with the process of changing what people know from what they do not know

Good Human Relations
A good friendly relationship should be established with the people which gives good results

Leader Effective communication can provide health education well if we take the help of local leaders who are among the people to provide education.

▶️Q.2 a. List out methods of family planning and explain any two methods of family panning. – 08 Marks

• Ans. 1. Natural method
• Vidrole or coitus interruptus
• Self control
• Rhythm Method or Safe Period
• Basal body temperature

2.Artificial

A. Temporary

1.Chemical method → ​​form tablets
→ Jelly or cream
→Mechanical method

2.Mechanical method → ​​Condom for male → Vaginal diaphragm → Cervical cap for female

3.Hormonal method
→ Oral pills
→ Injectable contraceptive
→Subdermal implant

4.Intra uterine device → Lipis loop → Copper-T

B. Permanent
→ Vazektoni or N.S.V.
→ Tubac Tommy
→ Laparoscopy

A condom

• The condom is 17.4 cm long and 4.5 cm in diameter, worn over the erect penis before intercourse. After intercourse, it should be discorded, burnt or incinerated in such a way that the seam does not come out and it should be removed from the pennies in such a way that it does not come into the hands of children.
• This is a thin rubber device used for contraception by mail.
• It is to be worn during intercourse.
• Condoms are very effective and safe for birth control
• . By using this one can keep the desired period between two babies. By using this there is no e-pregnancy between the two children.
• It has no side effects.
• It is to be worn over the penis during every sexual intercourse.
• The use of this can prevent semen in the vagina itself.
• Both are more effective when used with chemical spermicide (jelly).
• This not only prevents pregnancy but also protects against AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases.
• Use a new condom every time,
• Before using the condom, check whether it is leaking or not
• There are many types of condoms available in the market.

Advantages :-

• Easily found. Every family meets at the Welfare Centre.
• Easy to use.
• Prevents unwanted.
• Protects against S.T.D & Aids.
• No side effects.
• No medical supervision is required.

Dis Advantages :-

• Decreases sexual pleasure.
• A new condom is required each time
• Many times it breaks.
• The failure rate is 14%

Female Sterilization ::-

• In this, the fallopian tubes are cut and tied.
• If the sterilization operation is performed within 1 to 3 days after delivery, it is called post partum sterilization.
• If the operation is performed shortly after delivery or after conception, it is called interval sterilization.

(1) Traditional tubectomy

• This is an abdominal operation. In this, both the fallopian tubes are cut and tied.
• This operation is performed under general or spinal anesthesia. The patient has to stay in the hospital for five to seven days.

• A discharge is given after the stitches are removed. After discharge can do light work for 10 days. Weight lifting and moving heavy objects are prohibited for 3 weeks. Can have sexual intercourse 4 weeks after the operation. This is counted as a major operation.

(2) Mini laparotomy :-

• A modified form of traditional tubectomy. This is a very simple procedure.
• In this 2.5 to 3 cm. As much as it is cut.
• Then both the tubes are cut and tied.
• This operation can be done at the PHC and also in the camp.
• Very good for post partum sterilization. A smaller incision is made than traditional tubectomy.

(3) Laparoscopy :: –

• This is very simple and modern. This operation is performed by a trained gynecologist or surgeon. This operation is done through a special instrument laparoscope.

• In this an incision of one to two inches is made in the lower abdomen.

• After that, the laparoscope is inserted into the abdomen and the tube is found. In this first carbon monoxide, nitrogen and air are filled in the stomach. So that the intestine moves away from the operation site.

• After the tube is found, the tube is clamped.
• It takes very little time.
• The hospital stay is also less.
• The scar is also very small. So appearance is not a problem.
• This is a very successful and popular method.
• A fallop ring can be well placed in the tube. Also, if the tube is to be switched on again in the future, the tube can be switched on by removing the ring.

▶️b. Write purposes of Home Visit. – 04 Marks

• Ans. 1) To maintain the health of the people,
• 2) To provide total family care eg: ante natal care, post natal care, family planning …..
• 3) To remove the superstition, ignorance of the people, to explain the scientific point of view.
• 4) To impart health education, eg on personal hygiene and other subjects.
• 5) To detect, treat and prevent communicable diseases.
• 6) To make every program run by public health successful.eg. Family Planning, Immunization etc…….
• 7) To improve health by giving nutritional advice to people.
• (8) To improve hygiene in people’s homes,
• 8) To get marketing information,
• 9) To explain health hazards to people.
• 10) For Rehabilitation & Follow-Up

OR

▶️a. List out methods of health indicators and advantages of health indicators – State the types of health indicators and write their advantages. 08 Marks

Ans. There are many indicators of health according to different concepts of health

Indicators influence health directly or indirectly

1. Direct or Specific Indicator

• Mortality indicator
• Morbidity indicator
• Disability Indicator
• Health Policy Indicators
• Health Care Delivery Indicator

2. Indirect or General Indicator

• Mortality indicator
• Morbi DT Indicator
• Disability Indicator
• Health Care Delivery Indicator
• Health Policy Indicators
• Social and Mental Indicators
• Socio Economic Indicators
• Nutritional Status Indicator
• Utilization rate indicator
• Environmental Indicators
• An indicator of quality life

↣ Benefits of Health Indicator :-

• To know the health level of the community
• To compare the health status of a country with another country
• To assess the need for health care services
• To make necessary use of resources
• Health indicators are very necessary to assess the performance of whatever health services are being provided, to set targets and to evaluate the performance.
• To take proactive steps
• To know the probability and prognosis of a disease in a population
• Which health program is needed in the country and can be evaluated after its implementation
• Convenience in working with target
• For monitoring health services, programs and activities

▶️b. Prevention and control malnutrition in community – Prevention and control measures of malnutrition in community 04Marks

Ans. Rickets, goiter, anemia, beriberi, pellagrana, scurvy, etc. are nutritional diseases –

A. Family Level Prevention

• In which encourage exclusive for infant from four to five years
• Add additional nutrients to food supplementation at four to five years of age
• Offer the family nutritious foods like milk, eggs, etc. according to their biological value.
• Distribute equally nutritious food to both males and females
• Malnutrition can be prevented by providing nutritional care to the mother beforehand during ANC and PNC visits
• Lone formal health education can be given to full s children and the latest mother
• Early diagnosis and intervention of malnutrition
• To promote family planning
• To make efforts to increase income
• To try to make food available to children and mothers through ICDS
• Iodine salt vitamin anthocometric examination especially of children whose height mid am circle
• Viewing Head Circumference Height and Weight –

B.National Level Prevention

• Planning implementation and evolution of nutritional programs
• Construction of Krishna Rehabilitation Centre
• Developing nutritional intervention programs such as distribution of iron and folic acid to children and pregnant mothers for anemia control
• Creating a strategy for good nutritional supplementation
• Rural Development and Population and Stabilization
• Conducting diet and nutrition surveys
• To know the extent of the problem as well as to know its character and nutritional surveillance etc

▶️Q-3 write short answer (any two)

∎ Write short answer (any two) 2×6=12 Marks

▶️a. Write nurses role in school health program –

Ans. 1. Health Promotion and Specific Protection

Immunization of children

• Organizing mid-day meals with teachers so that children get cheap, good and nutritious meals
• Give health education to children to their parents and teachers
• Helping children their parents and teachers to develop positive attitude towards health circle

Counseling

• Emphasis on health in the educational curriculum
• Examining the school environment
• Getting community participation

2.Early diagnosis and treatment

Ans. Regular and periodic health assessment of children

• Inform his parents if any defect is found in it
• Refer if necessary and follow up
• Visiting the homes of selected children
• Counseling the student and his guardians
• Teaching NMM P HW and Family
• Giving first aid and emergency treatment during mental or injury

3.Prevention of complications and rehabilitation

Ans. Helping to reduce the occurrence of acute conditions by eliminating risk factors

• Identifying children’s special needs and preventing complications arising from counseling children to prevent adverse reactions
• Someone else’s works
• Maintaining health records
• Assisting health workers like NMMPHW doctor etc
• Organizing and managing school health clinics
• Participation in health councils and committees
• Participation in teacher education
• Apart from this, the role of school health consultant, practice planner, organizer, coordinator, guide, supervisor, educator, trainer, counselor, etc., is seen in the school health program of the nurse.

▶️b. Explain mid day meal scheme. –

Ans. This program is also known as School Lunch Program

The School Mid Day Meal Scheme has been implemented in India since 1961 as a part of the National Nutritional Programme.

Mid Day Scheme is a School Mill Program created by the Government of India to increase the nutritional status of school going children at the national level.

Objective of Meal Scheme

• Increasing children’s school admissions
• To increase school attendance of children
• Enhancing literacy among children

Principles of Mid Day Meal Program

• Meals provided at the Meade Mill are a supplement and not a substitute for the home diet
• The meal served in the mid-day meal should provide half of the protein and one-third of the energy required by the body.
• Cost of food should be less
• Meals should be easily prepared Made from locally available food to minimize cost Menu should be changed from time to time

Purpose of Mid Day Meal Scheme

• Children’s school enrollment increases, children’s attendance increases
• Increase in nutritional status of children
• To increase the nutritional status of every government school child studying from class I to class VIII
• To encourage poor children to stay in school, children should get nutritional support at the primary stage

Suggestions for making food repairs

Food should be stored in air tight containers Whole wheat should be used rather than broken wheat Rice should be unpolished A dish with vegetables should be used with cereals and pulses Sprouted pulses should be specially included Fermentation should increase the nutritional value during cooking Care should be taken to avoid wastage of nutrients.Award overcooking should not be used.Boiled oil should not be used frequently.Carrot and Radish leaves should also be used.

Benefits of Midday Meal Scheme

Increases enrollment in schools Children come to school every day thus increasing attendance Helps children grow up healthy Children get a chance to develop many types of good health habits eg hand washing helps develop social equality Gender Helps increase equality Facilitates cognitive emotional and social development in children

Nurse’s Role in Mid Day Meal Programme

• The role of the nurse is very important in the monitoring and implementation of the mid-day meal program
• The nurse has to monitor the permanent scheme
• Monitoring the cleanliness of the cooking area etc
• Men helps plan and prepare the food menu
• The nurse will provide education to the staff on good cooking practices and full hygiene. The nurse will provide health education to the children on good food habits.

▶️ c. Describe ideal antenatal clinic –

Ans. The clinic should be away from crowded areas as well as markets and schools

The clinic should be in a place that is easily accessible to the public and should be accessible by public transport or close enough to be reached on foot.

The clinic building should be good and comfortable and should be in a prominent location. The clinic should have seating arrangements for women (A.N.C.).

Clinics should have examination room tables and screens to maintain the privacy of the expectant mother

There should be facility of investigation room and drinking water

Doctor Room Laboratory Office Each room should be different

The clinic building should be paved and the floor area should be cement or tiled

The structure of the clinic should be cement concrete slabs or cement sheets. The floor should not be smooth so that the beneficiary slips and gets injured.

The building should be well ventilated and 24 hours electricity supply and the beneficiary should be able to get all kinds of treatment.

Rooms The clinic should have adequate rooms like waiting room central registration room laboratory clerk room etc.

The clinic should have register card and folder number vice arrangement and separate registration room for this should have facilities for doctor examination and consulting room as well as conference room etc.

Teaching and conference rooms of nurses should have facilities for immunization and health education or health teaching which should have TV news paper magazines etc. Drinking water toilet wash basin latrines etc.

The clinic should have separate doors or facilities for entrance and exit so that people do not congregate at one place.

The furniture in the clinic should be as required and in working condition. Benches or chairs should be empty for sitting in the waiting room. Also, the registration room should have three to four chairs and three to four tables. The nursing room should have three to four tables for keeping records. There should be arrangement of table chairs as well as examination tables screen etc. for examination

Blood pressure instrument for physical examination i.e. sphygmomanometer torch tongue statula hammer thermometer hightweight machine and for gynecological exam vaginal speculum vagina cervical holslem etc. Sufficient linen and seat mattress screen towel napkin etc. Necessary stationery like register paper pad punch file opdcase paper etc. Aids like Click Book Pamphlet Roller Board Over Head Projector Computer Laptop etc. Equipment should be there so that health education can be imparted well and effectively Necessary medicine like Tablet IM Folic Acid B Complex Calcium etc. and Antiseptic lotion like Spirit Dettol Savlon betadine etc. besides the necessary tacking material including gold piece cotton pad bandage etc.

First all kinds of facilities should be in the clinic for the clinic to run well. People’s cooperation is very important for the clinic. Public organizations, social organizations, women’s groups, youth groups and voluntary organizations etc. are very important for the clinic. Socio-economic of the village where the clinic is to be run. According to the condition, there should be a system for people to come to the clinic easily, and the clinic should have a health film show, light refreshment, etc., according to the composition of the clinic.

▶️d. Describe the effect of polluted air on health & Write preventive and controlling measures of it. – Write down the effects of polluted air on health and state its prevention and control uses.

Ans. Poor air quality can have sooner or later health effects with conditions such as acute bronchitis.

Early effects especially on the respiratory tract are very soon affected. If the air pollution is high, it often leads to death due to inhalation. This happened in Los Angeles in 1948 and Lin 1972 and the air pollution epidemic. is called

Air pollution also has other effects which include some diseases like cancer and other respiratory diseases.

In addition to humans, plants and animals are also disturbed. If you look at the long-term effects, in the long run, buildings get damaged, mountains are eroded, etc.

In order to reduce air pollution, the Government of India issued Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in 1981.

(Prevention and Control of Air Pollution)

1. Containment: This involves control of air pollution at its source which can be done by introducing end closure ventilation and air fuligation systems in many industries.
2. Replacement: It is suggested to reduce the use of coal and diesel petrol gas etc. for fuel and increase the use of electricals so that air pollution is reduced.
3. Dilution: Planting trees between industrial plants and residential areas can reduce air pollution.
4. Legislation i.e. Legally: Many countries have made special laws to prevent air pollution which are mandatory for everyone living there.

▶️Q-4 write short notes (Any Three) – 3×4=12 Marks

▶️a. process of communication –

Ans. Wherein Sender / Source : This person is the arranger of the message. An effective communicator should possess the following qualities: The purpose should be clear; The message should be tailored to the needs and interests of the audience;

2. Message: The message is the information that the communicator has that people want to understand and act upon. A good message should always have the following things: The message should have a specific purpose. The tense should be indicative and no with demand

It should be based on need basis

Coding: Converting information or ideas into a code of content eg words pictures actions etc. is called N Coding.

Channel of Communication: Channel is the medium of communication between the sender and the receiver. The whole communication is seen through its three medium system like interpersonal communication for example counseling and traditional media like puppet show navatanaki etc. in addition to mass media like radio telephone television poster. Film video etc mass media can be used to reach a very large number of people In today’s hi-tech era mobile email voice mail internet and blog etc can also be used as channels.

Receiver: Every communication must have a receiver, without an audience, communication is meaningless, just noise.

Decoding: Opening the code is called decoding, meaning that it makes sense of the content it has received.

Feedback: This is a flow of information from the receiver or audience to the center which is the reaction of the audience to the message. If the message is not clear, it is not acceptable, then the audience will reject it. The feedback system gives the center an opportunity to increase the acceptability of its message, usually a feedback poll. Interviews are conducted through surveys etc.

▶️b. Golden rules to Prevent Vitamin Loss –

• Ans. Wash the vegetables before cutting
• Soaking or washing time should be reduced to minimize nutrient loss
• Cut vegetables into large pieces so that vitamins are less exposed to water during cooking and washing
• When preparing vegetables and fruits, use a peeler to remove the outer skin as it only helps to remove a very thin layer of skin.
• Use minimum water for cooking. Boil water after adding vegetables so that nutrients are retained
• Cook vegetables by steaming and pressure-cooking to retain nutrients.
• Cover the pot with a lid while cooking as it takes less time to cook.
• Do not use soda when cooking vegetables as it destroys essential vitamins
• Vegetable salad should be prepared at the time of meal so that the nutrients are maintained.
• Using an acid such as lemon juice or vinegar in salads prevents the destruction of vitamin C because vitamin C remains stable in an acidic medium.

▶️ c. Anganwadi-

Ans. The word Anganwadi means “courtyard shelter” in Indian languages. They were started by the Government of India in 1975 as part of the Integrated Child Development Services Program to combat child hunger and malnutrition.

I. C. d. S. Scheme Anganwadi is operational. This includes children aged 6 months to 6 years and pregnant mothers, expectant mothers, and adolescent girls aged 11 to 18 years. In which the beneficiaries are Supplementary Nutrition and Prev through Centres. Basic education and immunizations and referral services are provided.

Come to Anganwadi. Wa. Child supplementary nutrition and pre-primary education is provided to children/adolescents aged 6-months to 5 years through the worker. Fortified flour, nutricandy, balbhog packets, and gram are given for supplementary nutrition.

The word Anganwadi means “courtyard shelter” in Indian languages. They were started by the Government of India in 1975 as part of the Integrated Child Development Services Program to combat child hunger and malnutrition.

Anganwadi not done:-

• Health-checkup and growth chart monitoring of children
• Provide supplementary nutrition to children
• Providing formal education to pre-school children
• Providing referral service
• Working together with health workers

▶️d. Factors affecting on B.M.R.

Ans. Variable Factor Nutritional status A malnourished person has a lower BMR than a well-nourished person. In starvation conditions, BMR decreases.

• Body Size and Surface Area: BMR is proportional to the surface area of ​​body size, more surface area leads to more heat loss which increases heat production and BMR.
• Body Composition: Lean body mass measured in LPM is lower if the body has more body mass.
• Endocrine and Hormonal Status: BMR is increased in hyperthyroidism while BMR is decreased in hypothyroidism.
• Ambient temperature and climate: BMR is high in winter season while it is low in temperate climate, infection, cancer, stress etc. increase BMR.
• Drugs: Caffeine Nicotine increases BMR Beta blockers decrease BMR.
• In variable factor affects JBMR.
• Gender: Men have a higher BMR than women, often due to differences in sex forms.
• Age: bmr decreases with age as age decreases placement of LBM and Adipose tissue thereby reducing metabolism.

▶️e. purification of water by rapid sand – rapid sand filtration or mechanical filtration

The first rapid sand filtration was started in 1885 in USA. There are two types of rapid sand filtration one is pressure type and the other is gravity type the following steps are used.

Coagulation: In this the raw water is first chemically coagulant in which the dohash is reduced by using alum. The dose of alum is used at 5 to 40 mg per liter of water.

Mixing Chamber: After adding alum, water is kept in the mixing chamber for some time and alum is added to the water by a special device.

Location In this, the water population is passed through a chamber where it is slowly stirred for 30 minutes by a special device causing the aluminum hydroxide to become more concentrated.

In Sedimentation: Water is filled in a sedimentation tank where it is kept for two to six hours so that aluminum hydroxide and other impurities settle to the bottom of the tank and the water becomes pure.

99% of water is purified in this stage of filtration. Rapid sand filtration is similar to slow filtration. The filtration media is sand and the filtered water is collected through a perforated pipe. In this also a thin layer of slow sand is formed on the bed which is similar to the layer of slow sand filter. Due to filtration, impurities accumulate on it. So it gets dirty quickly. And Ben needs to be cleaned. It is called bed washing process. The impurity of the sand bed is purified by reverse flow of water. The time for this cleanse is about 15 to 20 minutes. The bed is then ready to use again. Slow sand and rapid sand are slightly different. Because once the water has filtered through the slow sand, the entire bed is regenerated. While the filter bed can be reused after bed washing in APD sand.

▶️Q-5 Define following (Any Six) 6 x 2 = 12

1. Health Education – : According to Alma Ata (1978) “Health education is a process that encourages people to bring about knowledge and behavioral changes in their health practices and to maintain personal health and get help as needed. .
2. Kilocalorie–: The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one kg of water by 1* C is called kilo calorie.

3.Fomite – -: Infected person is also infected with the used things like clothes, used utensils, furniture etc. which can spread infection which is known as fomite.

4.Carrier: r means those who carry the pathogen have presence of pathogen inside them but do not show any sign symptoms of the disease but can infect another person which is called carrier.

5.pandemic –

When an infectious disease spreads all over the world, that disease is said to be pandemic.Eg. Covid-19

or

Pandemic means any disease that spreads from one state to another state and from one country to another country and is seen all over the world is called a pandemic.

E. x. Swine flu covid 19 etc

6. Quarantine – : When a person or an animal gets an infection, the period during which it is separated from other people until it can spread the infection is called quarantine.
7. Therapeutic Diet –: Therapeutic diet is the inclusion and control of certain nutrients in food which is a part of medical treatment which is usually prescribed by the physician and dietitian and is planned by the dietitian.
8. Contamination means making something impure and clean, polluted or poisoning, especially contact of something or a person with bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc.

▶️Q.6 (A) fill in the blanks. 05

LYCF stands for _________IYCF’Infant and Young Child Feeding

plague is sprecad by ________Plague is spread by _rats.

RNTCP stands for _________RNTCP full name is Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme.

1st dose MR vaccine is given at _______age of child – 9 months.

C.H.C cover 1,20000 population in plain

▶️Q.6 (B) Here M.C.Q. are given in the application

▶️Q.6 (c) Match the following.

QUESTIONS

1) Scurvy a) Nicotinic acid – Nicotinic acid

2) Rickets b) Deficiency of Vitamin C deficiency

3) Pellagra – Pellagra c) Deficiency of Vitamin Vitamin D deficiency

4) Beri – Beri – Beri Beri d) Cyanocobulamin – Cyanocobalmin

5) Pernicious anemia – pernicious anemia e) thiamine

f) Riboflavin – Riboflavin

Answer:-

1) Scurvy b) Vitamin C deficiency

2) Rickets c) Vitamin D deficiency

3) Pellagra a) Nicotinic acid

4 ) Berries Berries e) Thiamin

5) Pernicious anemia d) Cyanocobalamin

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