🧠 Pineal Gland – Functions and Hormones (Academic Explanation) The pineal gland is a small, pea-shaped endocrine gland located near the center of the brain, between the two hemispheres, in a groove where the two halves of the thalamus join. Despite its small size, it plays a significant role in regulating circadian rhythms, reproductive functions, and seasonal biological cycles. 📍 I. Anatomy and Location 🔬 II. Structure and Histology 🧪