Biodiversity and Its Conservation Biodiversity, or biological diversity, refers to the variety of life forms on Earth, including plants, animals, microorganisms, and their ecosystems. It encompasses genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity, playing a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance and supporting life on Earth. Types of Biodiversity Importance of Biodiversity Threats to Biodiversity Biodiversity Conservation Types of Conservation Strategies for Biodiversity Conservation Case Studies 1. Project Tiger (India): 2. Amazon