URINARY SYSTEM: KEY TERMS: 1) Renal cortex : The outermost layer (part) of the kidney. 2) Bowman’s capsule: Nephron (Nephron which is the basic functional unit of the kidney) Bowman’s capsule is the most anterior cup-shaped mouth-like part of the nephron . 3)Nephron (Nephron): It is the basic functional unit of the kidney. It is the microscopic structural unit of the kidney and the basic functional unit in the kidney. 4) Renal medulla