Child Health Emergencies: Poisoning – Causes, Prevention, and Treatment Definition: Poisoning in children occurs when they ingest, inhale, inject, or come in contact with toxic substances, leading to adverse health effects. It is a major pediatric emergency requiring immediate identification and treatment to prevent severe complications or death. Common Causes of Poisoning in Children: 1. Household Chemicals & Cleaning Agents (Most Common Cause) 2. Medications (Overdose or Accidental Ingestion) 3.