🧠 Important for NORCET, AIIMS, NHM, RRB, GPSC & State Nursing Exams
🧠 Definition:
National Health Planning refers to a systematic and organized process by which the government sets goals, allocates resources, and develops strategies to improve the health status of the population.
✅ It is part of national development planning and ensures equitable, accessible, and quality healthcare.
| 🎯 Objectives |
|---|
| 🔹 Improve overall health status of the population |
| 🔹 Reduce health disparities between regions and groups |
| 🔹 Rational use of resources (infrastructure, manpower, finance) |
| 🔹 Strengthen primary, secondary, and tertiary care |
| 🔹 Integrate public health with social development |
| 🔹 Achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC) |
| 📆 Year | 📘 Committee / Plan | 🎯 Key Contribution |
|---|---|---|
| 1946 | Bhore Committee | Blueprint for modern health system – 3-tier system |
| 1951–56 | 1st Five-Year Plan | Health centers, BCG campaign |
| 1962 | Mudaliar Committee | Focus on quality of care |
| 1966 | Chadha Committee | Integration of health and family planning |
| 1975 | Srivastava Committee | Rural Health Scheme, Village Health Guides |
| 1983 | First National Health Policy | Universal, comprehensive primary healthcare |
| 2002 | Second National Health Policy | Decentralization, private sector engagement |
| 2017 | Current National Health Policy | Universal Health Coverage, digital health, AYUSH |
| 🏢 Agency | 🎯 Role |
|---|---|
| NITI Aayog | National policy and planning body replacing Planning Commission |
| Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) | Implements national health programs and services |
| Central Council of Health & Family Welfare | Advises MoHFW on health policy |
| State Health Departments | Local planning and execution |
✅ Five-Year Plans (till 12th Plan)
✅ National Health Policies (1983, 2002, 2017)
✅ National Health Mission (NHM)
✅ Ayushman Bharat (AB-HWC + PM-JAY)
✅ National Population Policy 2000
✅ NITI Aayog Health Index
✅ Q1. Which committee laid the foundation of India’s health planning?
🅰️ Bhore Committee (1946)
✅ Q2. Which body replaced the Planning Commission in India?
🅰️ NITI Aayog
✅ Q3. What is the goal of National Health Policy 2017?
🅰️ Universal Health Coverage (UHC)
✅ Q4. Srivastava Committee is known for?
🅰️ Introduction of Rural Health Scheme
✅ Q5. National Health Mission was launched in?
🅰️ 2005
🧠 Must-know for NORCET, AIIMS, NHM, RRB, GPSC, ESIC & Competitive Nursing Exams
Health committees are expert panels formed by the Government of India to analyze the state of public health, identify gaps, and provide evidence-based recommendations for improving healthcare delivery, planning, training, and policy development.
These committees have been foundational in shaping India’s healthcare system over decades.
| 📆 Year | 🏛️ Committee Name | 👨⚕️ Chairperson | 📌 Key Contributions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1946 | Bhore Committee | Sir Joseph Bhore | 🔹 3-tier system: SC–PHC–CHC |
| 🔹 Primary Health Centre (PHC) for 40,000 population | |||
| 🔹 Integration of preventive and curative services | |||
| 🔹 Health worker training and health as fundamental right | |||
| 🔹 Suggested 100% govt-financed healthcare | |||
| 1962 | Mudaliar Committee | Dr. A.L. Mudaliar | 🔹 Strengthening of existing PHCs |
| 🔹 One PHC for every 40,000 population | |||
| 🔹 Emphasis on quality rather than expansion | |||
| 🔹 Focus on specialist services at higher levels | |||
| 1963 | Chadha Committee | Dr. N. Chadha | 🔹 Integrated Health + Family Planning |
| 🔹 MPHW (Male) to implement malaria & family planning | |||
| 🔹 Monthly home visits for eligible couples | |||
| 1965 | Mukherjee Committee | Dr. Mukherjee | 🔹 Family Planning supervision |
| 🔹 Recommended separate staff for FP | |||
| 🔹 Opposed integration of malaria and FP staff | |||
| 1966 | Jungalwalla Committee | Dr. Jungalwalla | 🔹 Unified health services |
| 🔹 Common seniority, elimination of private practice | |||
| 🔹 Health worker employment conditions reform | |||
| 1967 | Kartar Singh Committee | Kartar Singh | 🔹 Suggested Multipurpose Health Worker Scheme |
| 🔹 One SC for 3,000–5,000 population | |||
| 🔹 MPHW (Male & Female) to deliver comprehensive services | |||
| 1973 | Srivastava Committee | Dr. J.S. Srivastava | 🔹 Proposed Rural Health Scheme |
| 🔹 Training of Village Health Guides (VHGs) | |||
| 🔹 Suggested Medical and Health Education Commission | |||
| 🔹 Laid foundation for community-based approach | |||
| 1986 | Bajaj Committee | Prof. J.S. Bajaj | 🔹 Focus on health manpower planning |
| 🔹 Suggested creation of National Medical & Health Education Commission | |||
| 🔹 Emphasis on nursing education and paramedical training | |||
| 1992 | Krishnan Committee | Dr. Krishnan | 🔹 Focused on AYUSH integration |
| 🔹 Training of Indian system doctors to serve at PHCs | |||
| 🔹 Promotion of traditional medicine practices | |||
| 2002 | National Commission on Macroeconomics & Health | MoHFW | 🔹 Evidence-based health planning |
| 🔹 Emphasis on public health investment & equity | |||
| 🔹 Strengthening of health infrastructure |
| 🧑⚕️ Committee | 💡 Nursing Significance |
|---|---|
| Bhore Committee | Advocated increased nurse training, PHC nursing staff |
| Kartar Singh Committee | Recommended MPHW (Female) → ANM’s role clearly defined |
| Srivastava Committee | Proposed training for paramedicals & community health workers |
| Bajaj Committee | Focus on nursing education reform & manpower planning |
| 🏛️ Committee | 🧾 Sub-Centre Norm | 💬 Other Key Recommendations |
|---|---|---|
| Bhore (1946) | PHC per 40,000 | Integration of all services |
| Kartar Singh (1967) | SC for 3,000–5,000 | MPHW (Male & Female), clear field responsibilities |
| Mudaliar (1962) | PHC per 40,000 | Improve infrastructure and specialist access |
| Srivastava (1973) | VHG for every village | Village-based health manpower |
✅ Q1. Which committee recommended the 3-tier health system in India?
🅰️ Bhore Committee (1946)
✅ Q2. Who introduced the concept of multipurpose health workers (MPHW)?
🅰️ Kartar Singh Committee (1967)
✅ Q3. The concept of Village Health Guide (VHG) was proposed by —
🅰️ Srivastava Committee (1973)
✅ Q4. Which committee emphasized quality improvement in PHCs?
🅰️ Mudaliar Committee (1962)
✅ Q5. Which committee recommended integration of malaria and family planning services?
🅰️ Chadha Committee (1963)
✅ Q6. Which committee recommended the abolition of private practice by govt doctors?
🅰️ Jungalwalla Committee (1966)
✅ Q7. Bajaj Committee is related to —
🅰️ Health manpower planning and nursing education
🧠 Essential for NORCET, AIIMS, NHM, RRB, GPSC, ESIC & CHO Exams
🧠 Definition:
The Twenty Point Programme (TPP) is a welfare scheme launched by the Government of India in 1975 (revamped in 1982 and 2006) to promote social justice and economic development, with a special focus on poverty alleviation, health, education, employment, and rural development.
✅ Slogan: “Garibi Hatao” (Remove Poverty)
✅ Administered by: Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI)
✅ Monitored through state governments and district-level implementation committees
Although not all 20 points directly relate to health, several are directly or indirectly linked to health outcomes:
| 🔢 Point No. | 🏥 Health-Linked Focus Area | 🧾 Health Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| Point 1 | Attack on Rural Poverty | Improves health by enhancing income & nutrition |
| Point 3 | Health for All | Focus on MCH, immunization, universal healthcare access |
| Point 4 | Two Child Norm | Supports Family Planning, reproductive health |
| Point 5 | Clean Drinking Water & Sanitation | Reduces waterborne diseases, improves hygiene |
| Point 6 | Housing for All | Prevents overcrowding, improves living conditions |
| Point 7 | Improvement of Slums | Better access to sanitation, drainage, and basic healthcare |
| Point 9 | Education for All | Promotes health literacy, hygiene education |
| Point 12 | Welfare of Women and Children | Focus on nutrition, immunization, maternal health |
| Point 15 | Eradication of Illiteracy | Educated communities make healthier choices |
| Point 18 | Protection of Environment | Reduces pollution-related illnesses |
| Point 20 | Energy for the Villages | Supports functioning of PHCs, cold chains, and labs |
✔️ Universal Immunization Programme (UIP)
✔️ National Health Mission (NHM)
✔️ Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)
✔️ Ayushman Bharat (AB-HWC, PM-JAY)
✔️ National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP)
✔️ Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
✔️ Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
TPP monitors state performance in areas like:
🔹 Institutional deliveries
🔹 Immunization coverage
🔹 Number of sterilizations (FP)
🔹 Provision of safe drinking water
🔹 Slum health services & housing
🔹 Employment schemes impacting health (MGNREGA)
✅ Promote health education during VHNDs
✅ Support immunization and antenatal care
✅ Participate in school health programs
✅ Motivate for institutional deliveries and contraception
✅ Coordinate with ASHAs and Anganwadi Workers
✅ Q1. When was the Twenty Point Programme launched?
🅰️ 1975
✅ Q2. Which ministry monitors the implementation of TPP?
🅰️ Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
✅ Q3. Which point in TPP deals with ‘Health for All’?
🅰️ Point No. 3
✅ Q4. Which TPP point promotes family planning?
🅰️ Point No. 4 – Two Child Norm
✅ Q5. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is linked with which TPP point?
🅰️ Point No. 5 – Clean Drinking Water & Sanitation
🧠 Golden Topic for NORCET, AIIMS, NHM, RRB, ESIC, GPSC, State Nursing PSCs
🧠 Definition:
The Five-Year Plans (FYPs) were strategic national development blueprints launched by the Planning Commission of India to guide economic, health, educational, and social progress.
➡️ India’s health planning was deeply integrated within each FYP with specific goals, targets, and key national health programs.
📌 Total Plans: 12 (1951–2017)
📌 Discontinued in 2017, replaced by NITI Aayog’s 3-year Action Agenda, 7-year Strategy, and 15-year Vision Document
| 🧭 Plan | 📆 Years | 🎯 Major Health Objectives & Initiatives |
|---|---|---|
| 1st FYP | 1951–1956 | 🔹 Foundation of PHCs |
| 🔹 National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP – 1953) | ||
| 🔹 Launch of Family Planning Program (1952) – First in the world | ||
| 🔹 BCG Vaccination, Health Survey & Planning Committee recommendation (Bhore Committee) | ||
| 2nd FYP | 1956–1961 | 🔹 Expansion of PHCs & CGHS (1954) |
| 🔹 Medical and nursing education development | ||
| 🔹 Malaria Control → Malaria Eradication | ||
| 🔹 Strengthening of rural health services | ||
| 3rd FYP | 1961–1966 | 🔹 Implementation of Chadha Committee – MPHW for FP and malaria |
| 🔹 Emphasis on urban health services | ||
| 🔹 TB and Leprosy control programs | ||
| 🔹 Goiter Control Programme (1962) | ||
| Plan Holiday | 1966–69 | Due to war & economic crisis – Focus on stabilization & continued health program support |
| 4th FYP | 1969–1974 | 🔹 Integration of vertical health programs |
| 🔹 Rural Health Services review | ||
| 🔹 National Nutritional Anemia Control Programme (NNACP) | ||
| 🔹 MCH care infrastructure | ||
| 5th FYP | 1974–1979 | 🔹 Launch of Minimum Needs Programme (MNP) |
| 🔹 ICDS Scheme (1975) for children under 6 | ||
| 🔹 Focus on Maternal & Child Health (MCH) | ||
| 🔹 Emphasis on slum and rural health infrastructure | ||
| 6th FYP | 1980–1985 | 🔹 Universal Immunization Programme (UIP, 1985) |
| 🔹 Rural Health Scheme (training of health workers) | ||
| 🔹 Focus on Nutrition and creation of Sub-Centres | ||
| 🔹 Expansion of ICDS | ||
| 7th FYP | 1985–1990 | 🔹 Launch of NACP (AIDS Control Program) |
| 🔹 Strengthening of TB, leprosy, malaria programs | ||
| 🔹 School Health, Blindness Control programs | ||
| 🔹 Recognition of primary health as key goal | ||
| 8th FYP | 1992–1997 | 🔹 Start of Reproductive & Child Health (RCH) Phase I |
| 🔹 Mental Health Program (NMHP) initiated | ||
| 🔹 Leprosy Eradication Program revamped | ||
| 🔹 Emphasis on decentralized healthcare & Panchayati Raj | ||
| 9th FYP | 1997–2002 | 🔹 Drafted National Health Policy 2002 |
| 🔹 Launch of National Surveillance Program | ||
| 🔹 Introduction of Health Indicators to monitor outcomes | ||
| 🔹 Focus on vulnerable populations | ||
| 10th FYP | 2002–2007 | 🔹 RCH Phase II launched |
| 🔹 National Vector Borne Disease Control Program (NVBDCP) | ||
| 🔹 Creation of ASHA workers (2005) under NRHM | ||
| 🔹 Emphasis on reproductive, maternal, and adolescent health | ||
| 11th FYP | 2007–2012 | 🔹 National Rural Health Mission expanded |
| 🔹 Start of NCD control programs (diabetes, cancer) | ||
| 🔹 Maternal health (JSY), child immunization focus | ||
| 🔹 Establishment of new medical colleges & nursing schools | ||
| 12th FYP | 2012–2017 | 🔹 Launch of National Health Mission (NHM) = NRHM + NUHM |
| 🔹 Universal Health Coverage emphasized | ||
| 🔹 Start of RMNCH+A, adolescent services | ||
| 🔹 Focus on health financing, quality assurance |
🛑 In 2017, the Planning Commission was replaced by NITI Aayog
➡️ New structure:
🔹 3-Year Action Plan
🔹 7-Year Strategy
🔹 15-Year Vision Document
| 🏥 Program | 📆 Year | 🗓️ Plan Period |
|---|---|---|
| Family Planning Program (FPP) | 1952 | 1st Plan |
| BCG Vaccination Program | 1951 | 1st Plan |
| National Malaria Eradication Programme (NMEP) | 1958 | 2nd Plan |
| CGHS | 1954 | 2nd Plan |
| Goiter Control Programme | 1962 | 3rd Plan |
| Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) | 1985 | 6th Plan |
| ICDS (Integrated Child Development Services) | 1975 | 5th Plan |
| AIDS Control Program (NACP) | 1987 | 7th Plan |
| RCH Phase I & II | 1997, 2005 | 8th & 10th Plans |
| NRHM | 2005 | 10th Plan |
| NHM | 2013 | 12th Plan |
| Ayushman Bharat (PM-JAY + HWCs) | 2018 | Post-FYP (NITI Era) |
✅ Scaling up of nursing colleges & ANM training centers
✅ Recruitment & field support via ASHA workers, MPHWs
✅ Nurses central to JSY, RCH, immunization, NCD care
✅ Participation in NRHM, NHM, FP, TB, school health programs
✅ Inclusion of community-based and midwifery roles
✅ Q1. In which Five-Year Plan was the Family Planning Program introduced?
🅰️ 1st Five-Year Plan (1952)
✅ Q2. Universal Immunization Programme was launched in which plan?
🅰️ 6th Plan (1980–1985)
✅ Q3. What was the focus of the 10th Five-Year Plan?
🅰️ RCH II, NRHM launch, ASHA introduction
✅ Q4. When was the National Health Mission (NHM) launched?
🅰️ 2013 (12th Five-Year Plan)
✅ Q5. Which Five-Year Plan emphasized Universal Health Coverage (UHC)?
🅰️ 12th Plan (2012–2017)
✅ Q6. What replaced the Five-Year Plans post-2017?
🅰️ NITI Aayog’s 3-year Action Plan, 7-year Strategy, 15-year Vision
✅ Q7. Which major program for adolescents was launched during 12th Plan?
🅰️ RMNCH+A (Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child & Adolescent Health)
🧠 Important for NORCET, NHM, RRB, AIIMS, GPSC, ESIC, and other Nursing Exams
🧠 Full Form: National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog)
📅 Established: 1st January 2015
🚫 Replaced: Planning Commission of India (which guided all Five-Year Plans till 2017)
🎯 Purpose: To provide policy direction, cooperative federalism, and strategic planning for development, including health sector reforms.
| 🩺 Key Area | 🧾 Contribution |
|---|---|
| 📊 Health Policy & Strategy | Supports framing of National Health Policy (2017) and health-related vision docs |
| 📈 Health Index & Rankings | Publishes State Health Index based on outcomes, governance, and information |
| 💉 Health Program Monitoring | Monitors schemes like Ayushman Bharat, NHM, PM-JAY |
| 🏥 Infrastructure Reforms | Promotes Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in medical colleges and hospitals |
| 🧠 Innovation in Health | Hosts Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) for health startups & telemedicine |
| 🧾 Data & Research | Health data dashboards, digital health promotion |
| 🧪 COVID-19 Response | Played key advisory role in vaccine rollout, oxygen management, and ICU infrastructure |
📘 First published in 2017 jointly with MoHFW and World Bank
📌 Parameters:
🔹 Health Outcomes (e.g., IMR, MMR, life expectancy)
🔹 Governance and Information (e.g., HR, data reporting)
🔹 Key Inputs and Processes (e.g., infrastructure, drug availability)
🏆 Top Performing States (2023):
✅ Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana (Large states)
✅ Sikkim, Goa (Small states)
| 🩺 Initiative | 🎯 Focus |
|---|---|
| Ayushman Bharat (2018) | 📌 HWCs + PM-JAY (Health assurance for 10 crore families) |
| Public-Private Partnership (PPP) | 📘 Model concession agreement for private hospitals in tier 2/3 cities |
| Digital Health Mission | 💻 Promote electronic health records (EHR), Health ID |
| One Nation One Health Card | 📟 Health IDs under NDHM (National Digital Health Mission) |
| Model Hospital Guidelines | 🏥 Norms for district hospitals under PM-ABHIM |
| Health & Wellness Centres (HWCs) | 🧑⚕️ Strengthen primary healthcare with infrastructure & HR |
| Vaccine Logistics & Surveillance | 📦 Monitored Co-WIN platform and oxygen supply during pandemic |
✅ Use of digital tools (ABHA ID, CoWIN, teleconsultation)
✅ Service delivery under HWCs and PM-JAY empaneled hospitals
✅ Monitoring through NITI’s indicators and reporting formats
✅ Health promotion as per national goals and strategies
✅ Q1. When was NITI Aayog established?
🅰️ 1st January 2015
✅ Q2. What is the full form of NITI Aayog?
🅰️ National Institution for Transforming India
✅ Q3. Which health scheme is monitored by NITI Aayog?
🅰️ Ayushman Bharat – PM-JAY
✅ Q4. State Health Index is published by —
🅰️ NITI Aayog in collaboration with MoHFW and World Bank
✅ Q5. Which innovation platform under NITI supports health startups?
🅰️ Atal Innovation Mission (AIM)