MENTAL HEALTH NURSING

GNM-GNC-MENTAL HEALTH NURSING PAPER SOLUTION-YEAR-2016

Q-1 💖a. Write about principles of psychiatric nursing. 08

Patient is Accepted Exactly as He Is

Acceptance means being without any prejudices or judgments. Acceptance conveys a feeling of love and care. It does not mean complete approval, but it involves creating a positive behavior setting to respect the individual as a human being.

A. Being Non-judgmental and Non-punitive

• The patient’s behavior is not judged as right or wrong, good or bad. The patient is not punished for undesirable behavior. Punishments such as direct restraint, physical restraint, isolation in a separate room, or indirect ignoring or deliberate avoidance are not used. A nurse who shows acceptance will not reject the patient even when their behavior contradicts expectations.

B. Being Sincerely Interested in the Patient

• Being sincerely interested in another person means considering their interests, studying the patient’s behavior patterns, allowing them to make their own choices and decisions wherever possible, being aware of their likes and dislikes, being genuine, giving time to listen to what they say, and avoiding sensitive topics and issues. It also involves recognizing and reflecting the feelings that the patient may express.

C. Recognize and Reflecting on Feelings which Patient may Express

• When the patient speaks, it is important not to focus on the content but to identify and reflect on the underlying feelings behind the conversation.

D. Talking with Purpose

• Conversations with the patient should revolve around their needs, wants, and interests. When issues are unclear, reflective questioning, open-ended questions, focusing on the topic, and presenting reality are more effective approaches.

E. Listening

• Listening is an active process. The nurse should invest time and energy to listen to what the patient says. They should listen empathetically and show genuine interest.

F. Permitting Patient to Express Strongly Held Feelings

• Allowing the patient to express strong emotions without denial or punishment is better, as intense emotions can be very explosive.

2. Use Self Understanding as Therapeutic Tools

• The psychiatric nurse should have a realistic self-understanding and be capable of recognizing their own feelings and reactions.

3. Consistency is Used to Contribute to Patient’s Security

• This means that staff should take steps to ensure patient safety according to ward routines.

4. Reassurance Should Be Given in a Subtle and Acceptable Manner

• Reassurance helps build the patient’s self-confidence. The nurse needs to understand and analyze the patient’s situation to provide appropriate reassurance.

5. Patient’s Behavior is Changed through Emotional Experience and not by Rational Interpretation

• Advising or reasoning is not effective in changing behavior. Behavioral changes can be achieved through role-play and social dramatization.

6. Unnecessary Increase in Patient’s Anxiety Should Be Avoided

To avoid unnecessary anxiety in patients, the following should be considered:

• The nurse should not display their own anxiety.
• Focus should be given to the patient’s weaknesses.
• The patient should not be exposed to repeated failures.
• Avoid making demands on the patient that they clearly cannot meet.

7. Objective Observation of Patient to Understand His Behavior

• Objective observation is needed to assess what the patient is saying or requesting. The nurse should not mix their own feelings, judgments, or opinions into this observation.

8. Maintain Realistic Nurse-Patient Relationship

• A realistic or professional relationship focuses on the individual’s personal and emotional needs, not just on the needs of the patient and nurse.

9. Avoid Physical and Verbal Force as Much as Possible

• The nurse should not use any form of punishment. The patient might suffer from psychological trauma, and by studying the patient’s behavior, uncertain behaviors can be managed. The nurse should perform procedures swiftly and avoid showing any discomfort to the patient. If restraint is used, its reasons should be explained. Positive changes in the patient’s behavior should be acknowledged and encouraged.

10. Nursing Care is Centered on the Patient as a Person and Not on the Control of Symptoms

• Behavior observed in an individual often has underlying reasons. The nurse should understand the causes of behavioral symptoms rather than just focusing on the symptoms themselves. The patient might display different behavioral symptoms in the same situation, so nursing care should be centered on the person rather than just the symptoms.

11. All Explanations of Procedures and Other Routines are Given According to the Patient’s Level of Understanding

• Procedures and routines should be explained to psychiatric patients according to their level of understanding to reduce anxiety. Everyone has the right to know the procedures being performed on them; it should not be assumed that being mentally ill means they do not need explanations.

12. Many Procedures are Modified but Basic Principles Remain Unaltered

• Procedures might be modified and methods might change according to the patient’s needs, but the basic principles of patient care remain the same.

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💖b. List down psychiatric emergencies. 04

Major Emergencies:

• Suicidal Patient
• Agitated and Violent Patient

Minor Emergencies:

• Grief Reaction
• Rape
• Disaster
• Panic Attack

Psychiatric Medical Emergencies:

• Delirium due to Life-Threatening Conditions
• Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
• Serotonin Syndrome
• Overdose of Psychiatric Medications
• Overdose of or Withdrawal from Addictive Substances

Q-2 Write Short Notes on ANY THREE of the Following:

a. Interview Technique

An interview is a process in which two parties engage in a face-to-face conversation with the aim of resolving a common problem or achieving a mutual goal.

Interview Techniques:

1.Observing

• This involves non-verbal communication. During the interview, the nurse should observe the patient’s actions such as crying while speaking, frequent hand washing, sweating, drinking water repeatedly, speaking in one-word answers, eye movements, restlessness, etc. All these observations should be noted.

2.Listening

• The nurse should be a good and active listener when the patient is speaking. Providing responses like “yes,” “okay,” “good,” “really?” helps the patient feel that the nurse is listening attentively and engaging in the conversation.

3.Reflecting

• This involves restating what the patient has said to show that the nurse is listening carefully. For example, if the patient says, “I feel overwhelmed,” the nurse might reflect, “It sounds like you’re feeling overwhelmed.”

4.Validating

• Validation involves confirming whether the information provided by the patient or about the patient is correct. This helps ensure that the details shared are accurate and understood correctly.

5.Clarifying

• If there is confusion about what the patient has said, the nurse should ask for clarification. For instance, “Could you explain what you meant by that?”

6.Questioning

• Questioning is a direct method of communication with the patient. Using open-ended questions can elicit more detailed responses, such as “What did you have for breakfast this morning?” compared to closed-ended questions like “Did you have breakfast this morning?”

7.Confirming

• This involves asking about the patient’s behavior in specific contexts. For example, the nurse might ask, “Do you sometimes turn your face away from me when you’re angry?”

8.Summarizing

• After a conversation, the nurse summarizes the main points of the discussion to ensure understanding. This allows the patient to add or correct any details, ensuring accurate and comprehensive communication.

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💖b.Role of nurse in legal psychiatry –

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In legal psychiatry, nurses play a crucial role in bridging the gap between mental health care and the legal system. Their responsibilities can be quite diverse, and they often involve both clinical and legal aspects. Here’s a detailed look at their role:

1. Assessment and Evaluation

• Psychiatric Evaluations: Nurses may assist in conducting mental health assessments to determine an individual’s psychiatric condition and capacity. This could be part of a pre-trial evaluation or an assessment for competency to stand trial.
• Risk Assessment: They help in assessing the risk of harm to self or others, which can influence legal decisions regarding bail, commitment, or treatment.

2. Patient Care and Management

• Treatment Administration: Nurses administer psychiatric medications and monitor their effects, ensuring adherence to treatment plans. They also manage side effects and adjust medications as needed under the supervision of a psychiatrist.
• Crisis Intervention: In situations where individuals are experiencing acute psychiatric crises, nurses are trained to provide immediate care and stabilization, often working in emergency settings or psychiatric units.

3. Documentation and Reporting

• Record Keeping: Detailed and accurate documentation of patient interactions, treatments, and progress is essential for legal proceedings. Nurses maintain these records, which can be crucial evidence in court cases.
• Reporting: They may be required to provide written reports or testify in court regarding the mental health status and treatment progress of individuals involved in legal proceedings.

4. Collaboration with Legal Professionals

• Interdisciplinary Team: Nurses work closely with psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and legal professionals to provide a comprehensive view of the patient’s mental health status.
• Court Testimony: In some cases, nurses may be called upon to testify in court about their observations, assessments, and the care provided to the individual.

5. Patient Advocacy

• Rights and Ethics: Nurses advocate for the rights of patients, ensuring that their legal and ethical rights are upheld within the psychiatric and legal system.
• Support and Education: They provide support and education to patients and their families about the legal process, treatment options, and what to expect.

6. Crisis Management

• Handling Emergencies: Nurses are often involved in managing psychiatric emergencies, such as suicidal ideation or severe agitation, which may intersect with legal issues such as involuntary commitment or emergency evaluations.

7. Legal Compliance

• Regulatory Adherence: They ensure that psychiatric care complies with relevant laws and regulations, including those related to involuntary treatment, confidentiality, and consent.

Overall, nurses in legal psychiatry need a blend of clinical expertise, legal knowledge, and strong communication skills to navigate the complexities of mental health and the legal system effectively.

c.Recreational Therapy:

Recreational therapy is a form of activity therapy used as psychotherapy. It involves engaging the patient in certain activities to divert their mind and keep them cheerful. Activities might include listening to music, watching pictures, dancing, or playing games.

Aim:

• Improve social interaction.
• Reduce withdrawal tendencies.
• Increase socially acceptable behaviors.
• Develop skills, abilities, and talents.
• Enhance self-confidence.

Types of Recreational Activity:

1. Motor Form:

• Includes fundamental and accessory forms. Fundamental forms involve games such as hockey and football. Accessory forms include activities like dancing.

1. Sensory Form:

• Includes visual and auditory senses. Activities might involve watching pictures or listening to music.

1. Intellectual Form:

• Includes activities like reading and debating.

Use of Recreational Therapy:

Recreational therapy is used in the following areas:

• Geriatric clients
• Mental illness
• Addiction
• Rehabilitation
• Developmental disabilities
• Pediatric clients

Recreational Activity for Psychiatric Disorders:

• Anxiety Disorder:
• Aerobic activities are used, such as walking and running.
• Depressive Disorder:
• Non-competitive sports activities are used, such as walking, running, and jogging.
• Manic Disorder:
• Individual game activities are used, such as badminton.
• Paranoid Schizophrenia:
• Activities requiring concentration are used, such as chess and puzzles.
• Catatonic Schizophrenia:
• Social activities are used, such as dancing and athletics.
• Dementia:
• Concentration activities are used.
• Mental Retardation:
• Activities are provided based on the client’s functional level.

Role of Nurse in Recreational Therapy:

• Encourage patients to communicate and express their feelings.
• Provide relaxing activities without strict rules and guidelines.
• Observe the client frequently and note their behavior.
• Ensure that the patient is not exposed to a harmful environment.
• Provide activities that the patient can enjoy and feel satisfied with.
• Avoid using any form of force on the patient.

💖d. Stages of elevated mood –

Elevated mood is divided into four stages based on the severity of the manic episode.

i) Euphoria:

• Mild mood elevation is observed.
• There is an increase in psychological well-being and a sense of happiness.
• This stage is primarily seen in hypomanic conditions.

ii) Elation:

• Moderate mood elevation is observed.
• There is an increase in psychomotor activity.
• This stage is primarily seen in manic conditions.

iii) Exaltation:

• Exaltation refers to extreme joy.
• In this stage, there is a notable mood elevation, meaning intense exhilaration is observed.
• There is an increase from elation, and the patient may exhibit grandiose delusions, meaning they consider themselves magnificent or superior.
• Exaltation is primarily seen in severe manic conditions.

iv) Ecstasy:

• Very severe mood elevation is observed, characterized by intense feelings of joy.
• In this stage, the patient may appear confused and exhibit foolish or bizarre behavior.
• Ecstasy is primarily observed in delirious and stupor manic conditions.

Q-3 A.Write meaning of ANY FOUR of the following:- 08

a. OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder):

OCD stands for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. It is a long-lasting disorder in which patients experience uncontrollable and repeated thoughts, and these thoughts manifest as actions, meaning they are observed in their behavior. For example, a person may repeatedly wash their hands after touching something because they have thoughts that their hands are contaminated.

b. Phobia:

A phobia is an excessive, irrational, and generally unexplainable fear of a specific object, person, or situation, which is typically not present in individuals of the same age group. For example, the fear of heights (acrophobia).

c. Autism:

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which an individual does not communicate and becomes detached from the outside world, living in their own world and focusing on it exclusively.

d. Milieu Therapy:

Milieu therapy is a type of psychotherapy that provides a scientifically structured environment for patients. This helps in bringing changes in the patient’s behavior and improving their psychological health and function.

e. Transvestism:

Transvestism is a psychosexual disorder in which an individual wears clothing of the opposite gender, meaning a woman wears men’s clothes, and a man wears women’s clothes.

B. Historical Period of Psychiatric Nursing:

Historical Period in India:

• 1912: Indian Lunacy Act was passed as law.
• 1918: The British government established a European hospital in Ranchi.
• 1925: Indian Mental Hospital was established in Ranchi.
• 1930: Principles and practices of psychiatric nursing were developed from experiences in mental patient care.
• 1937: The Madras government organized a 3-month psychiatric nursing course at the Mental Hospital in Madras.
• 1950: The role of mental nurses became more defined.
• 1954: Noor Manzil Mental Health Center, Lucknow began offering a 4-6 week psychiatric nursing orientation course.
• 1956: A one-year post-certificate course in psychiatric nursing was started at NIMHANS, Bangalore.
• 1962: The Mysore government started a 9-month psychiatric nursing course for men.
• 1965: The Indian Nursing Council included psychiatric nursing as a compulsory subject in the B.Sc Nursing curriculum.
• 1967: The Indian Trained Nurses Association created a separate committee to improve the practice of psychiatric nursing.
• 1975: Psychiatric nursing was offered as an elective subject at P.G. R.A.K., Delhi Nursing College, later at P.G.I. Chandigarh (1978), SNDT Mumbai (1980), CMC Vellore and Ludhiana (1987), NIMHANS (1988).
• 1980: Diploma in Nursing Education included psychiatric nursing.
• 1986: Psychiatric nursing was included as a general nursing curriculum by the Indian Nursing Council.
• 1987: The Indian Mental Health Act was passed.
• 1991: The Indian Society of Psychiatric Nurses (ISPN) was established at NIMHANS, Bangalore.

Historical Period Internationally:

• 1873: Linda Richards developed better nursing care in mental hospitals and organized nursing services and educational programs in state mental hospitals.
• 1882: The first school for training nurses in the care of mentally ill patients was established at the Waverly McLean Hospital.
• 1913: The first nursing school implemented a fully developed psychiatric nursing curriculum at Johns Hopkins.
• 1920: Harriet Bailey published the first textbook on psychiatric nursing, “Nursing Mental Disease.”
• 1935: Insulin shock therapy was introduced.
• 1936: Psychosurgery was initiated for the treatment of mentally ill patients.
• 1938: Electroconvulsive therapy was introduced as a treatment approach for psychiatric patients.
• 1943: A psychiatric nursing course for male nurses was started.
• 1946: The Health Survey Committee report recommended training nursing staff in psychiatric nursing.
• 1952: A nursing theorist, Heidgard Peplau, published a book on interpersonal relationships in nursing, presenting the first theoretical framework for psychiatric nursing.
• 1953: Maxwell Jones wrote a book on the ‘Therapeutic Community.’
• 1955: Psychiatric nursing experience was included in the general nursing curriculum of all schools.
• 1956: Master’s programs were extended to two academic years.
• 1960: Boston started the first doctoral program in psychiatric nursing. Psychiatric nursing was renamed ‘Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing.’
• 1963: The Journal of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health Services was published.
• 1970: Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing was renamed ‘Psychosocial Nursing.’
• 1972: The American Nursing Association published standards for psychiatric nursing practice, revised in 1982.
• 1979: Issues in mental health nursing were published.
• 1980: Changes were made in institutions due to the concept of decentralization.
• 1985: Standards for mental health and clinical nursing practice were published by the American Nursing Association.
• 1990: The integration of neuroscience into the comprehensive biopsychosocial practice of psychiatric nursing.
• 1991: Community involvement in the rehabilitation of mentally ill individuals became a major concern.

Q-4

a. Define Schizophrenia.

In 1908, psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler introduced the term “schizophrenia,” derived from the Greek words “schizo” (split) and “phren” (mind). Schizophrenia is a psychotic condition characterized by:

“Disturbances in thinking, emotions, mood, and volition (willpower), which typically lead to social withdrawal. This condition is referred to as schizophrenia if it lasts more than one month.”

Schizophrenia is a very serious condition where an individual experiences disorganized thinking, detachment from reality, and difficulties in functioning, and is unable to express their emotions.

💖b. Write about nursing care of patient with schizophrenia. 08

Describe the nursing management of schizophrenia.

1. Therapeutic Nursing Management

• Administer medications as prescribed by the psychiatrist.
• Always remember the 5 rights of medication administration before giving medicine.
• After administering medication, observe and record any side effects or changes in the patient.
• If the patient is undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), explain the procedure and allow them to discuss their illness.

Psychosocial Nursing Management

• Sit close to the patient.
• Maintain a trusting relationship with the patient and converse in a comfortable environment to reduce their anxiety.
• Encourage the patient to talk about their problems.
• Never criticize the patient while they are speaking or during their conversation.
• Encourage the patient to express themselves.
• Communicate with the patient in simple language that they can understand.
• Listen calmly when the patient talks about their delusions and observe how these delusions manifest in their behavior.
• Do not validate the patient’s delusions but ensure a safe environment is provided.
• Avoid discussing the patient’s hallucinations; focus on other topics.
• Never ignore the patient. Occasionally take pauses during conversations and use interview techniques such as pinpointing, clarifying, reflecting, and summarizing.

Enhancing Self-Concept

• To improve the patient’s self-concept, assign them tasks such as inviting others to daily activities, checking if everyone has eaten, and taking responsibility for cleanliness.

Improving Attention and Judgment

• Engage the patient in games like carom, chess, or ludo. Encourage them to solve small problems and assign tasks that help maintain their attention.

Family Support

• Ensure that a relative of the patient is always present to assist with their problems. This person can help with daily activities such as personal hygiene and diet.

Physical Needs Nursing Management

Protection:

• Ensure that the patient does not have any sharp or injurious objects, such as knives, blades, strings, or glass items, within reach.
• If the patient is fighting or being aggressive with others, they may be given a punishment such as being excluded from participating in activities or games.
• Assist with maintaining personal hygiene.
• Encourage the patient to brush their teeth.
• Ensure the patient fully empties their bowel and bladder as they may have difficulty doing so on their own.

Sleep:

• Encourage the patient to go to bed early at night. Turn off the lights and place a floor lamp beside the bed.
• If a patient disturbs other patients, separate them from the others.
• Offer the patient a glass of warm milk.
• Engage the patient in activities during the day.
• Prohibit the patient from napping in the afternoon.

Nutritional Needs:

• Plan a balanced diet for the patient for the following day.
• Serve food that the patient likes in their own dishes and encourage them to eat independently.
• If the patient is doubtful about eating, first have their relative taste the food.
• Ensure that the patient receives food that meets their dietary needs.

4. Recreational Needs Nursing Management

• Inquire about the patient’s interests and hobbies to provide enjoyable recreational activities tailored to their preferences.
• Offer games like carom or ludo to the patient.
• Provide opportunities for energetic games, such as badminton, to encourage physical activity.
• Initially, avoid competitive games or activities.
• If the patient wins a competition, praise and encourage them.

5. Spiritual Needs Nursing Management

• Encourage the patient to pray daily and arrange a suitable setting for their spiritual practices.
• Ensure that upcoming festivals and religious events are celebrated appropriately.
• However, never force the patient to participate in or celebrate any religious practices or festivals against their will.

Q-5 Write answer of the following.

a. Prevention of Alcoholism

• Raise awareness about the problems caused by alcohol consumption.
• Use role models and dramas to help people understand better.
• Educate even those who do not consume alcohol about the fact that alcohol is not a solution to any situation or difficulty, as it does not resolve problems.
• Teach and enhance coping skills among individuals.
• Inform those with a family history of alcohol abuse about the higher chances of developing alcohol dependence and encourage them to build mental strength.
• Provide medical and psychiatric interventions for individuals who continue to consume alcohol despite awareness efforts.
• Educate teenagers about the problems related to alcohol and advise them to stay away from bad company.
• Focus more on de-addiction centers and increase their number.
• Control the production and sale of alcohol.
• Enforce a ban on alcohol purchases by minors and teenagers.
• Set specific days and hours for alcohol sales.
• Increase taxes on alcohol to discourage people from purchasing it due to high costs.
• Implement strict rules on the sale of alcohol.
• Maintain strict laws regarding alcohol consumption.
• Celebrate a month dedicated to alcohol awareness.

b. Causes of Mental Retardation

1) Biomedical Factors

A) Prenatal Factors

• Aminoaciduria: A condition where there is an abnormal amount of amino acids in the urine.
• Galactosemia: A genetic disorder that affects the ability to metabolize galactose, a sugar found in milk.
• Inherited Degenerative Disorders of the Central Nervous System: Genetic conditions that progressively impair the function of the central nervous system.
• Chromosomal Disorders: Such as Down syndrome, Turner syndrome.
• Developmental Defects: Including microcephaly (a condition where a baby’s head is much smaller than expected), cranial stenosis (abnormal narrowing of the skull), cretinism (a condition resulting from untreated congenital hypothyroidism), and porencephaly (a defect in the brain where cysts or cavities form).

B) Maternal Factors

– Drug Use: The use of drugs by the mother during pregnancy which can affect fetal development.
– Infections: Such as rubella, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, herpes, and syphilis.
– Placental Insufficiency: A condition where the placenta does not supply enough oxygen and nutrients to the fetus.
– Toxemia of Pregnancy: Also known as preeclampsia, a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to other organs.
– Antepartum Hemorrhage: Bleeding before labor that can compromise the health of the fetus.
– Exposure to Radiation During Pregnancy: Exposure to radiation which can adversely affect fetal development.

C) Natal Factors

• Birth Injury: Physical injury to the baby during the process of birth.
• Prematurity: Birth occurring before the full term of pregnancy, which can lead to developmental challenges.
• Low Birth Weight: Weighing less than the normal range at birth, which can impact overall health and development.
• Birth Trauma: Physical or psychological injury sustained by the baby during childbirth.
• Birth Asphyxia: A condition where the baby does not get enough oxygen during birth, leading to potential brain damage.
• Perinatal Asphyxia: Lack of oxygen to the baby around the time of birth, which can result in long-term health issues.
• Prolonged and Difficult Birth: Extended or challenging delivery that can affect the baby’s health and development.
• Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Bleeding within the baby’s brain, which can cause significant neurological impairment.
• Preeclampsia: A pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to organs, which can affect both mother and baby.

D) Postnatal Factors

• Infections in the Central Nervous System: Infections such as meningitis and encephalitis that affect the brain and spinal cord.
• Head Injury: Trauma to the head that can cause damage to the brain and affect development.
• Cerebrovascular Thrombosis: Blockage of blood vessels in the brain that can lead to brain damage.
• Kernicterus: A type of brain damage caused by severe jaundice (excessive bilirubin in the blood) in newborns.
• Hypoglycemia: Abnormally low blood sugar levels that can impact brain function.
• Hypoxia: Insufficient oxygen supply to the brain that can cause developmental and cognitive impairments.

Social Factors

• Low Socioeconomic Condition: Poor economic status that can affect access to healthcare, education, and overall living conditions.

Biological Factors

• Advanced Age of Mother: Older maternal age, which can increase the risk of complications during pregnancy and birth.

💖c. Factors affecting on personality 04

Education:

• Education affects personality. It is one of the most powerful ways for personality development. There is a significant difference between the personalities of educated and uneducated people.

Family Environment:

• A child follows and learns from their parents. Thus, the family environment affects personality. If the family environment is positive, the child is likely to have an extroverted personality. Conversely, if the family environment is not good, the child may develop an introverted personality.

School Environment:

• A child spends a substantial amount of time in school, so the school environment impacts personality.

Childhood Memories:

• Childhood memories play a crucial role in personality development. If childhood memories are positive, the person is likely to have a good personality.

Environmental Factors:

• The environment surrounding a person influences their personality development.

Culture:

• The culture a person follows is also an important factor that affects personality.

Biological Factors:

• Biological factors such as gender, hormones, and brain structure impact personality.

Media and Technology:

• Currently, media and technology are very influential. Therefore, the way a person uses media and technology reflects on their personality.

💖Q. 6 A. state whether following statements are True’ or ‘False” 05

1, Psychiatric disorder can be cured with drugs only false

2 Mind and body are literrelited true

3.ECT.cannot be given to patient with heart disease.true

4 Absence of speech is known as mutism. true

5.Lithium can be used to treat alcoholic person. false

💖B. Fill in the blanks:- 05

An intentional touch without consent of client is called_____. Battery

Pathological impairement of memory is known as _ ______ Amnesia

Communication is a ______ process.Two way process

ID is working on _________principle.Pleasure

Full form of MMPI is ________ Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory

💖c. Match the following:- 05

A B

1.Haloperidol 1.Antidepressant drug

2.Imipramine 2. Learning disorder

3.Dyslexia 3.Sedutive & anti convulsant

4.Phenobarbitone 4.Repetation of behaviour

5.Echopraxia 5.Antipsychotic Drug

Answer :-

1) Haloperidol – Anti-psychotic drug

2) Imipramine – Anti-depressant drug

3) Dyslexia – Learning disorder

4) Phenobarbitone – Sedative and anti-convulsant

5) Echopraxia – Repetition of behavior

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